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Computerized Train Control System

Computerized Train Control System. by: Shawn Lord Christian Thompson Advisor: Dr. Schertz. Presentation Outline. Project Overview Digital Train Control System Components Local Controller DCC Format DCC Encoder Switch Controller Sensor Controller Train Layout Design Implementation

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Computerized Train Control System

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  1. Computerized Train Control System by: Shawn Lord Christian Thompson Advisor: Dr. Schertz

  2. Presentation Outline • Project Overview • Digital Train Control • System Components • Local Controller • DCC Format • DCC Encoder • Switch Controller • Sensor Controller • Train Layout • Design Implementation • Results • Future Work

  3. Project Overview • Digital Train Control System • Digital Control of Model Trains • Control of Track Equipment • Computer Interface • Goals • Fully control a digitally equipped locomotive • Control of switches and layout features • Sense train locations and layout state • Link all control to a central computer • Provide a train layout for future use • Provide supporting documentation

  4. Digital Train Control • How Digital Control Works • Command Station • Takes User Input • Sends a command signal on rails of layout • Decoder Card • Resides in each locomotive • Derives power and data from signal on rails • Powers locomotives lights and motor

  5. Digital Train Control • Standards • National Model Railroad Association (NMRA) • Sets Industry standards for model railroading • Recently incorporated standards for digital control • Digital Command Control (DCC) • NMRA standard for digital train control • Provides standards for communication with compatible Decoder Cards • Advantages • Locomotives are individually addressable • One signal to all rails on layout • Existing industry standards

  6. System Components Block Diagram and Data Flow Controller Application Local Controller DCC Encoder

  7. Local Controller • Handles low level control of train layout • Receives commands over serial link with PC • Creates serial packet for control of locomotives • Controls switches and accessories • Polls track sensors for position reporting • Implementation • 8051 microprocessor • Programmable Logic Device (FPGA) • Signal buffering circuitry

  8. Local Controller • Command List • Local Controller Commands • Reset All • Locomotive Commands • Send Override Packet • Send Service Mode Packet • Send From Command List • Add to Command List • Remove from Command List • Clear Command List

  9. Local Controller • Command List (contd.) • Switch/Accessory Commands • Set one output • Clear one output • Pulse one output • Reset all outputs • Sensor Commands • Reset sensor timer • Return one sensor • Return all sensors

  10. Program Flow Command from PC Command Processing Locomotive Add command to queue Continuously write commands out to Encoder Accessory or Switch Write command out to controller Sensor Poll sensor(s) Transmit sensor reading(s) to PC

  11. Local Controller • Memory Allocation (Memory Mapped IO) • 0x00 – 0x07 • DCC Encoder • 0x08 – 0x7F • Output space • 0x80 – 0x8F • Sensor space

  12. DCC Format • Transition based serial encoding • Bit times • 232us – ‘0’ bit • 116us – ‘1’ bit • Fully rectified signal provides power for trains

  13. DCC Format • Basic Packet Format • Preamble – ten ones followed by a zero • Address – eight bits followed by a zero • Data – eight bits followed by a zero • Error Check – eight bits followed by a one {preamble}0{address}0{data}0{error check}1 • Speed Packet • 01DCSSSS • Other Packet Types

  14. DCC Encoder • Receives data from Local Controller • Transmits data in DCC format • Connected to external bus of Local Controller • Interrupts Local Controller upon completion • Implemented in VHDL • Registers • 0x00 Command byte • 0x00 – 0x07 DCC Packet to transmit

  15. DCC Encoder Software Flow transmit preamble check command byte command byte empty command byte present transmit idle packet transmit data bytes Interrupt processor on last bit

  16. System Components Block Diagram and Data Flow Controller Application Local Controller DCC Encoder

  17. Track Switches • Allow locomotives to change paths • Solenoid Controlled • Double throw solenoid • Requires 12v 5ms pulse • Motor Controlled • Small gear motor • Requires 12v signal • Motor stalls upon end of travel

  18. Switch / Accessory Controller • Connected to external bus of Local Controller • Latches data from Local Controller • 16 outputs total • 8 switches • 16 accessories • Sinks 600mA continuous or 3A pulsed • Addresses • Address + 0 Latch A • Address + 1 Latch B

  19. Sensors • Allow Location of locomotive on layout • Layout divided into 21 blocks • Current sensor on each block • Current sensing • 1ohm current sense resistor • Differential voltage amplifier

  20. Sensor Controller • Connected to A/D input of Local Controller • Data Latched from External Bus • 000C 0DDD • C – enables controller • DDD – selects 1 of 8 analog inputs • 8 inputs • Selected by analog switch • Inputs filtered using an RC filter

  21. Train Layout

  22. Train Layout • Designed for future use • 2 separate loops • 2 loopbacks • 1 crossover • 5 single ended sidings • 4 track train yard • 1 pass through siding

  23. Train Layout

  24. XS-40 Implementation of Design • XS-40 FPGA Prototyping Board • Manufactured by XESS Corporation • Xilinx 4005E-pc84 FPGA chip • 8031 uC • 128byte SRAM • Used to implement Design • Local Controller uses 8031 • DCC Encoder implemented on FPGA • Interface Board Designed • A to D converter • 256byte EEprom Memory • External Bus

  25. Results • Hardware • Train Layout Built and Wired • Two DCC Compatible Locomotives • Local Controller Designed and Implemented • Sensors Designed and Tested • Switches Designed and Tested • Controller Boards • (Main, Switch, Sensor) • Design and Layout complete • Not manufactured

  26. Results • Software • Serial interface designed and Implemented • Train control designed and implemented • Switch control designed • No software support for sensors • No support for service mode packets

  27. Future Work • Manufacture and Build Controller Boards • Software • Sensor polling • Service mode packets • Decoupling and Crash prevention

  28. Questions ?

  29. Web-based Control InterfaceFor a model train control system By: Kevin Sendra Advisors: Dr. Schertz Dr. Malinowski

  30. Presentation Outline • Overview of the Project • Project Description • Results • Problems • Future work

  31. Project Overview • Add-on to the Local Control System • Allows control and/or view of the layout from the internet

  32. Project Description Block Diagram

  33. Client Description • Allows the user to control the speed and direction of multiple trains • Displays connection information and command status (from server) • Image Map for switch control (no switch control currently)

  34. Client Flowchart Start Get Parameters Thread Delay Thread Receive Create GUI Elements Send Command To Server Receive From Server Connect to Server Append to Text Area Wait .5s Start Threads Event Handling Close socket End threads

  35. Current GUI

  36. Local Computer • Server • Waits for a connection • Logs connections • Receives commands and sends them to the serial port • Acknowledges commands • Sets session length to 10 minutes • Webcam Software • Dorgem

  37. Server Flowchart Server Start Thread Timeout Start Thread Compare Stored Time To Current Time Wait For A Connection Log Connection Store Time +10m Disconnect If Equal Wait For A Command Acknowledge Close Connection

  38. Webcam Viewer

  39. Results • Working graphical user interface • Allows locomotive speed and direction controls • Displays command status • Working Server • Viewable webcam stream

  40. Problems • The computer • Speed • Security and Software • Java versions and Internet Explorer or Netscape

  41. Future Work to be Completed • Implement switch control • Allow a configuration file to set up certain elements of the interface

  42. Train Control Train Control Train Control 800x600

  43. Questions

  44. Local Computer Interface For A Digital Train Controller By: Zachary Kirkpatrick Advisor: Dr. Schertz

  45. PresentationOverview • Introduction • Block Diagram • Functional Description • Design • Accomplishments • Complications • Conclusion

  46. Introduction • Digital Train Controller • Local Computer Interface • User Input Instruction • Send Out Instruction • Train Moves

  47. Block Diagram Altered Input Local User Input Computer Instruction Instruction

  48. Functional Description • Input User Instructions • Decipher User Instructions • Alter Code Of Instructions • Send Out Instructions To Microprocessor

  49. Design Flow Chart User Input Power Switch Speed Movement On Off Up Down Forward Reverse Track Train Go Back To User Input

  50. Design • Write Software To Draw Control Buttons • Output The Appropriate Information For The Corresponding Button Pressed • Use MFC Library of C++

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