Colonists v. Native Americans

1. Colonists v. Native Americans

2. Pope’sRebellion • Spain occupied New Mexico and built missions and presidio’s (forts) • Wanted to destroy Native American religion and convert them to Christianity • Banned N.A. dances, burned kachina dolls, and beat and imprisoned Taos Pueblo holy men • Taos Pueblo religious leader, Pope, united the Taos people and drove the Spanish priests back into Mexico in 1680

3. King Philip’s War • Colonists had taken over Native American’s hunting and fishing lands • Wampanoag’s believed they still had the right to hunt and fish there • Metacom (Philip) became chief and was unwilling to lose any more land • United other eastern tribes to fight the English • This lasted for about two years 1675 - 1676

4. Bacon’s Rebellion • While New England Colonists were fighting King Philip’s War, the people of Virginia were upset with their royal governor, Sir William Berkeley • Believed he set aside too much land for the Native Americans • 1676 Nathaniel Bacon gathered a group of angry Virginians and declared war on all Native Americans even those who were friendly • Then they went after the governor and his troops!

5. Bacon’s Rebellion • Bacon was killed • Many followers gained seats in the Virginia legislature • Voted to legalize Native American slavery • English investigators condemned the act

6. French and Indian War • France held land the English wanted • There were 4 wars called the Seven Years’ War back in England • Both sides knew their best chance for success was to recruit colonial soldiers and paying Native Americans allies to fight for them • At first the Iroquois, Cherokee, Creek, and Choctaw protected their interests and refused to take sides

7. French and Indian War • By 1759 it looked like the British were going to win • The Iroquois thought it would be in their best interest to support the one’s they thought would be victorious • 1763 – France lost Canada and all territory east of the Mississippi River except for New Orleans • 13 colonies were able to unite against a common enemy

8. The Aftermath • 1764 Census -In Boston only 3, 612 women and 2,941 men • The French and Indian war had taken its toll • The end of the war led to an economic depression – 40,000 British troops left • Colonists were tired of the crowded eastern coast and wished to explore and expand westward into the newly acquired land

9. Exploding Population • From 1680 to 1770 the population grew from 150,000 to 1,700,000 • ¼ was due to indentured servants from Germany and Ireland and forced immigration from Africa • ¾ was from a high birthrate and low death rate – North American = pure drinking water, healthy climates, and spacious territory

10. African Slaves • By 1720’s the number of slaves born here and soon outnumbered the slaves brought from Africa • African slaves knowledge helped Southern farmers • Helped rid North America from smallpox • Injected the “juice of smallpox” into a cut which produced a weakened strain of the illness leading to lifelong immunity

11. The Great Awakening • Revivalism – a movement that emphasizes individual experiences instead of church doctrine • Swept through regions between 1720 & 1760 • Began to question authority • Began to question the institution of slavery

12. Colonial Government • Each colonies government differed, but most brought with them an elected legislature • Consisted of two houses • House of Lords – appointed by the royal governor • House of Commons – elected by white male property owners • The legislature was able to provide a system of checks and balances of the governors • In the 1700’s they were able to initiate bills, settle election disputes, and determine taxes

13. Closure • What were the central issues of the conflict between colonists and the Native Americans? • Why were colonists living longer? • How did the African slaves help all people living in North America? • How is the colonial government similar to our government today?