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Lab #1 Follow-Up

Lab #1 Follow-Up. Unix Binary / Hexadecimal Python. Lab #1 Follow-Up. Unix Binary / Hexadecimal Python. Media Access Control (MAC) address. B4 -D8-A9-00-04-07. B4 -D8-A9-00-04-07. B4 -D8-A9-00-04-07. B4 -D8-A9-00-04-07. Decimal Hex( adecimal ) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4

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Lab #1 Follow-Up

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  1. Lab #1 Follow-Up Unix Binary / Hexadecimal Python

  2. Lab #1 Follow-Up Unix Binary / Hexadecimal Python

  3. Media Access Control (MAC) address

  4. B4-D8-A9-00-04-07

  5. B4-D8-A9-00-04-07

  6. B4-D8-A9-00-04-07

  7. B4-D8-A9-00-04-07

  8. DecimalHex(adecimal) 0 0 11 2 2 3 3 44 5 5 6 6 7 7 88 99 10A 11 B 12C 13D 14 E 15F

  9. DecimalHex(adecimal) 0 0 11 2 2 3 3 44 5 5 6 6 7 7 88 99 10A 11 B 12C 13D 14 E 15F B 4

  10. DecimalHex(adecimal) 0 0 11 2 2 3 3 44 5 5 6 6 7 7 88 99 10A 11 B 12C 13D 14 E 15F B 4 11×16 + 4×1

  11. DecimalHex(adecimal) 0 0 11 2 2 3 3 44 5 5 6 6 7 7 88 99 10A 11 B 12C 13D 14 E 15F B 4 11×161 + 4×160

  12. DecimalHex(adecimal) 0 0 11 2 2 3 3 44 5 5 6 6 7 7 88 99 10A 11 B 12C 13D 14 E 15F B 4 11×16 + 4×1

  13. DecimalHex(adecimal) 0 0 11 2 2 3 3 44 5 5 6 6 7 7 88 99 10A 11 B 12C 13D 14 E 15F B 4 11×16 + 4×1 176 + 4

  14. DecimalHex(adecimal) 0 0 11 2 2 3 3 44 5 5 6 6 7 7 88 99 10A 11 B 12C 13D 14 E 15F B 4 11×16 + 4×1 176 + 4 180

  15. All modern numbering systems work this way B 4 1 8 0 11×161 + 4×160 1×102 + 8×101 + 0×100 11×16 + 4×1 1×100 + 8×10+ 0×1 176 + 4 100 + 80 + 0 180 180

  16. Why Base 16?

  17. Why Base 16? DecimalHexBinary 0 0 0 11 1 22 10 33 11 44 100 55 101 66 110 77 111 88 1000 99 1001 10A 1010 11 B 1011 12C 1100 13D 1101 14 E 1110 15F 1111

  18. Why Base 16? DecimalHexBinary 00 0 0000 011 0001 022 0010 033 0011 044 0100 055 0101 066 0110 077 0111 088 1000 099 1001 10A 1010 11 B 1011 12C 1100 13D 1101 14 E 1110 15F 1111

  19. Eight Bits = One Byte DecimalHexBinary 0 0 0000 11 0001 22 0010 33 0011 44 0100 55 0101 66 0110 7 7 0111 88 1000 99 1001 10A 1010 11 B 1011 12C 1100 13D 1101 14 E 1110 15F 1111 B 4 1011 0100

  20. Why Base Two?

  21. Why Base Two?

  22. ENIAC (1946)

  23. Faster, Cheaper, Smaller Relay Transistor Vacuum tube 1940s 1950s Integrated Circuits 1960s Today

  24. Binary-to-Decimal Conversion • To convert from binary to decimal • Start from right • Multiply 0,1 by powers of two (1, 2, 4, 8, …) • Sum of these products is decimal equivalent • E.g., 1 1 0 1 2 = ??? 10

  25. 1 * 20 = 1 • E.g., 1 1 0 12 = ??? 10 Binary-to-Decimal Conversion • To convert from binary to decimal • Start from right • Multiply 0,1 by powers of two (1, 2, 4, 8, …) • Sum of these products is decimal equivalent

  26. 1 * 20 = 1 + 0 * 21 = 0 • E.g., 1 1 0 1 2 = ??? 10 Binary-to-Decimal Conversion • To convert from binary to decimal • Start from right • Multiply 0,1 by powers of two (1, 2, 4, 8, …) • Sum of these products is decimal equivalent

  27. 1 * 20 = 1 + 0 * 21 = 0 + 1 * 22 = 4 • E.g., 1 1 0 1 2 = ??? 10 Binary-to-Decimal Conversion • To convert from binary to decimal • Start from right • Multiply 0,1 by powers of two (1, 2, 4, 8, …) • Sum of these products is decimal equivalent

  28. 1 * 20 = 1 + 0 * 21 = 0 + 1 * 22 = 4 + 1 * 23 = 8 • E.g.,1 1 0 1 2 = ??? 10 Binary-to-Decimal Conversion • To convert from binary to decimal • Start from right • Multiply 0,1 by powers of two (1, 2, 4, 8, …) • Sum of these products is decimal equivalent

  29. 1 * 20 = 1 + 0 * 21 = 0 + 1 * 22 = 4 + 1 * 23 = 8 ____________ 13 • E.g., 1 1 0 1 2 = 1310 Binary-to-Decimal Conversion • To convert from binary to decimal • Start from right • Multiply 0,1 by powers of two (1, 2, 4, 8, …) • Sum of these products is decimal equivalent

  30. Decimal-to-Binary Conversion To convert from decimal to binary • Take remainder of decimal number / 2 • Write down remainder right-to-left • If decimal number is zero, we’re done • Divide decimal number by 2 • Go to step 1. 13 r 2 = 1 13 ÷ 2 = 6 6 r 2 = 0 6 ÷ 2 = 3 3 r 2 = 1 3 ÷ 2 = 1 1 r 2 = 1 1 ÷ 2 = 0 ___________ 1 1 0 1

  31. Fractions 3.2510 = ????2

  32. Fractions 3. 2 5 3×100 + 2×10-1 + 5×10-2

  33. Fractions 3. 2 5 10 = 1 1. 0 1 2 1×21 + 1×20 + 0×2-1 + 1×2-2 3×100 + 2×10-1 + 5×10-2

  34. Problem! 3.210 = ????2

  35. Google patriot missile failure for a real-world example

  36. What about text? ASCII: One byte per character

  37. What about text? Unicode: (Up to) two bytes per character

  38. Numbers or text? • Each application (MS Word, Excel) expects either (ASCII) text or (“raw binary”) numbers • Try opening a an Excel spreadsheet in WordPad!

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