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This thesis by Sean Gustafson explores innovative techniques for visualizing off-screen locations on small mobile displays, focusing on methods to reduce clutter and enhance user accuracy in locating objects. It evaluates two interface conditions—halo and wedge—through user studies involving various task densities and contexts. The findings reveal that the wedge technique significantly improves accuracy, particularly in dense conditions and corner scenarios. This research contributes to the fields of human-computer interaction and mobile interface design, providing actionable insights for future developments.
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Sean Gustafson master of science thesis defense Dec 15 / 2008 Visualizing Off-Screen Locations on Small Mobile Displays
off-screen viz overview arrows halo f
rel ated work
overviews [Plaisant 95 and many others]
fisheye views fisheye views [Carpendale 01]
simple arrows [Tecmo Bowl 87]
scaled and stretched arrows [Burigat 06]
edgeradar [Gustafson 07]
halo [Baudisch 03]
halo [Baudisch 03]
(also not great: corners) side corner
initial approaches clustering ovals Baudisch & Rosenholtz Irani et al. cut lines color separatevisually
th e wedge
wedge base base base base leg leg target
halo wedge
3 degrees of freedom intrusion base length rotation
rotation base length avoiding overlap intrusion
lay out algorithm
leaves 2 degrees intrusion ~ distance base-width ~ distance
u ser study
two interface conditions halo and wedge
task 1: locate same as original halo paper halo wedge
task 2: closest same as original halo paper halo wedge
task 3: avoid same as original halo paper halo wedge
IV: density sparse dense
IV: corner side corner
hypotheses • 1. wedge is more accurate • larger improvement in dense condition • larger improvement in corners • (no hypothesis about task time)
participants were significantly more accurate when using the wedge
error in pixels Side 80 Halo Wedge 60 Error (pixels) 40 20 0 Dense Sparse locate task
error in pixels Corner Side 80 Halo Wedge 60 Error (pixels) 40 20 0 Dense Sparse Dense Sparse locate task
other results no interesting results from the other tasks or from completion time.
other results preferences
hypotheses • 1. wedge is more accurate • larger improvement in dense condition • larger improvement in corners
mod eling pointing
beam beam
beam orbital beam