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TNA and Technology Action Plan Climate Change Technology Needs Assessments for Thailand:

TNA and Technology Action Plan Climate Change Technology Needs Assessments for Thailand: Technology for Energy Management. Wongkot Wongsapai. Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University. October 2011. Presentation outline. 1. 2. 3. Rational of this study.

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TNA and Technology Action Plan Climate Change Technology Needs Assessments for Thailand:

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  1. TNA and Technology Action Plan Climate Change Technology Needs Assessments for Thailand: Technology for Energy Management WongkotWongsapai Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University October 2011

  2. Presentation outline 1 2 3 Rational of this study Prioritize technology methodology Technology Action Plan

  3. Framework TNAand TAP-Energy Comparison : Thai and world Environmental plan Condition: 20C & 450 ppm Plan and Data from past and existing energy activity TNA and TAP Analysis Assessment conclusion Economic plan Technology Need assessmentand TAP (Mitigation) Energy plan Suggested measures Suggested TAP Existing TAP (adjusted) New TAP (best practices from other countries)

  4. -1-Rational of this study

  5. Past energy projects/activities • From the study of the past energy activities (e.g. energy efficiency and renewable energy development projects) under Thai energy conservation plans, we found that • In the past, Thai energy programs focused mainly on energy issues, not in climate change issue, but however, many energy projects have big impacts in GHG mitigation, • Energy technologies from this Technology needs assessment should match with national energy strategy plan, • This TNA based on 10 years action plan (2012-2021)

  6. Energy & Climate Change: TNA • Strategy 1: Adequate energy supply for energy security(from Ministry of Energy’s Energy Strategy) • Strategy 3: Support Thai energy business • Strategy 4: Energy development which environmental consideration • Renewable energy development (RE) • Energy efficiency improvement (EE) • Clean energy technology (CT) (1) Energy Technology grouping Prioritize concept (2) TNA Criteria setting (3) Technology prioritize

  7. Past meetings and seminar in TNA Energy expert group meetings, Two public hearing seminars

  8. -2-Prioritize technology methodology

  9. Technology selection Energy sector Grouping 3: EE 2: RENEW 4: Others 1:Supply Readiness (8 Criterias) Multi Criteria Not ready Ready Impact (2 criterias) Low High • Final consideration • Timeframe/neccessity • TNA Steering committee comments Prioritized Technology TNA Results

  10. Energy sector consideration in this TNA 4 parts Power Supply and Transformation; Renewable energy (based on REDP); Energy efficiency (based on EEP); Other technology (CCS) 33 technologies • Multi-criteria analysis by above sub-sector • Scoring made by energy group experts via meeting and computer system (delphi)

  11. Criteria setting • The Readiness • (If ready = 5 : If NOT ready =1) • The Impact • (If big impact =5 : Least impact =1)

  12. Results of Technology prioritization

  13. Results of Technology prioritization

  14. Results of Technology prioritization Hi-efficiency Combustion Waste Electricity 2nd gen biofuels CCS Smart Grid Biomass Electric and Mass Transport PV Solar Solar Thermal and Biomass Thermal Building Envelop District Cooling Hi-eff Motor and Drives Lighting Energy Supply Other Energy Sector Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy

  15. TNA Conclusions Results from the second round of prioritization • (a) Energy supply • Smart grid • (b) Renewable energy technology • Waste to power (power generation) • Second generation biofuels • (c) Energy efficiency improvement • Fuel Combustion in industry sector (Large and small scale) • (d) Other • Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) MSW Smart grid CCS

  16. Technologies in Thai Energy Power generation (fossil: Thermal, CCGT, diesel) (renewable: Gasification, Thermal) Oil refinery Gas separation plant (GSP) Heat generation/District cooliing Energy planning 4 • Fossil energy (coalgas oilothers) • Renewable energy (Solar, wind, biomass, biogas, • MSW, biofuels) Energy Supply 2 5 2 4 1 Transformation Oil refinery GSP Power CCS 1.Smart grid 2.Waste-to-power 3.Efficient Burner 4.CCS 5.2nd Gen biofuel • Energy (power) transmission • Energy distribution • Petroleum/gas transport • Operation & Maintenance Transmission/Distribution 1 Grid Tube Transport • Energy demand forecast • Electricity consumption (motors and drives, air compressor, air conditioning, etc.) • Fuel consumption (transport) • Thermal energy consumption (boiler,burner) • Energy management system (control system) Final Energy Consumption Transport 5 Industry 3 Others Commercial Res

  17. -3-Technology Action Plan

  18. ส่วน Technology Action Plan (TAP) Source: UNEP RisØe center

  19. 1 • Multi-technologies, one location • The term “smart grid” refers to a modernization of the electricity delivery system so it monitors, protects, and automatically optimizes the operation of its interconnected elements — from the central and distributed generator through the high-voltage network and distribution system, to industrial users and building automation systems, to energy storage installations and to end-use consumers and their thermostats, electric vehicles, appliances, and other household devices(EPRI, 2009). •  Smart in bothSupply andDemand • This study considers in RET to smart grid in supply and energy efficiency in demand-side Smart grid

  20. Smart grid Impact For both supply side, demand side (industry or household)and mobile devices (Electricity vehicles Power output control system fromBattery Storage

  21. Smart grid Impact

  22. Smart grid concept Source: MEF Smart grids, 2009 • Self‐healing  from  power  disturbance • Enabling  active  participation  by  consumers  in   demand  response • Providing  power  quality  for  the  needs • Accommodating  all  generation  and  storage   options • Enabling  new  products,  services,  and  markets • Optimising assets  and  operating  efficiently

  23. Note:MoEn=Ministry of Energy [DEDE=Dpt. of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency, DMF=Dpt. of Mineral Fuels, EPPO=Energy Policy and Planning Office, ERC=Energy Regulatory Commission of Thailand, EGAT=Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand] MNRE= Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment [ONEP=Office of Natural Resources and Environment Policy and Planning, PCD=Pollution Control Dpt.] MoIn=Ministry of Industry [ DIW=Dpt. of Industrial Works] MoE=Ministry of Education, MOST=Ministry of Science and Technology, MoA=Ministry of Agriculture and cooperation; PEA=Provincial Electricity Authority, MEA=Metropolitan Electricity of Thailand,

  24. 2 • Bangkok:8,800-9,000 tons per day • Other municipality> 100 TPD (around 25 municipalities) • Current = 13 MWe and 1.09 • ktoe thermal • energy generation • 3 types of waste to energy in Thai • Landfill gas  6 CDM projects • Fermentation • Incineration (by burner) Waste to power • Considered the appropriate technology for Thailand, • Also considered the appropriate area and technology and management limitation for TAP development

  25. Hydrothermal Technology Hydrothermal process Drying Final Product (dry, 10% moisture) MSW (wet) Raw Input Boiler Fuel Steam Raw Product (wet, 40-70% moisture) Reactor Rotor Unit Product Water Hydrothermal Treatment Technology is a new technology that developed by the Tokyo Institute of Technology. The advantage of this technology is that the condensate from system can bring pollution such as Dioxin in liquid that can treat and reuse in system. Moreover, the technology can compatible with all waste type without waste separation Water Treatment Condenser

  26. 3 8,816 steam boilers in Thailand 110,000 ton per hr Fire-tube6,306 units (31,000 ton per hr) Water tube2,510 units (79,000 ton per hr) Efficient Fuel combustion in industrial sector

  27. 4 • Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) • 3 types of carbon storage • inGaseous state with enhanced oil recovery (EOR) benefit • In liquid state  in ocean • In solid state

  28. 1 2 3

  29. 35

  30. $ 62-120 per tonne CO2 avoided • Comprehensive mapping for storage • Site assessment [Geology, hydrogeology, EOR potential] • Technology selection • Risk mgt. • Best practices study 36

  31. 5 • Second • generation • biofuels Lignocellulosicbiofuels can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by around 90% when compared with fossil petroleum, in contrast first generation biofuels offer savings of only 20-70% (http://ies.jrc.ec.europa.eu/wtw.html)

  32. Source: http://www.altprofits.com/ref/se/re/bio/bio.html Note: In some documents (e.g. National Non-food crops center, USA), algae also considers as second generation biodiesel.

  33. Acknowledgements • National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office (STI) • Steering committees of TNA project • Experts from energy focus group • Related organizations for useful information (DEDE, EPPO, DIW, DMF, EGAT, PEA, PTT, TGO, JGSEE, etc.)

  34. PleaseHelp Save the World !!!

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