1 / 10

Acids and bases

Acids and bases. Psc 2.2.6. Common inorganic acids. Find formulas in your book (pg 24?) Hydrochloric acid Sulfuric acid Acetic acid Nitric acid Citric acid. Common bases. Find in book Sodium bicarbonate Hydroxides of sodium Potassium Calcium Magnesium Barium ammomnium.

clemance-legend
Télécharger la présentation

Acids and bases

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Acids and bases Psc 2.2.6

  2. Common inorganic acids • Find formulas in your book (pg 24?) • Hydrochloric acid • Sulfuric acid • Acetic acid • Nitric acid • Citric acid

  3. Common bases Find in book Sodium bicarbonate Hydroxides of sodium Potassium Calcium Magnesium Barium ammomnium

  4. Arrhenius Theory • The Arrhenius Theory of acids and bases • The theory • Acids are substances which produce hydrogen ions in solution. • Bases are substances which produce hydroxide ions in solution. • Neutralisation happens because hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions react to produce water.

  5. pH scale

  6. pH scale • Acidic and basic are two extremes that describe a chemical property chemicals. Mixing acids and bases can cancel out or neutralize their extreme effects. A substance that is neither acidic nor basic is neutral. • The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic. A pH greater than 7 is basic.

  7. pH • The pH scale is logarithmic and as a result, each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value. For example, pH 4 is ten times more acidic than pH 5 and 100 times (10 times 10) more acidic than pH 6. • The same holds true for pH values above 7, each of which is ten times more alkaline (another way to say basic) than the next lower whole value. For example, pH 10 is ten times more alkaline than pH 9 and 100 times (10 times 10) more alkaline than pH 8.

  8. pH • Pure water is neutral. But when chemicals are mixed with water, the mixture can become either acidic or basic. Examples of acidic substances are vinegar and lemon juice. Lye, milk of magnesia, and ammonia are examples of basic substances.

  9. Acid or base? • Vinegar, pH=3 • Water, pH=7 • Blood, pH=7 • Oven cleaner, pH=13 • Seawater, pH=8 • Stomach acid, pH=2

  10. answers • Vinegar, pH=3 acid • Water, pH=7 neutral • Blood, pH=7 neutral • Oven cleaner, pH=13 base • Seawater, pH=8 base • Stomach acid, pH=2 acid

More Related