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How to Avoid Plagiarism and use Proper Citation

How to Avoid Plagiarism and use Proper Citation. Dr Nick Buker. What is plagiarism?. Using someone else’s words, work or research without properly crediting the source. This includes: Taking words or passages from another source Submitting work done by another individuals

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How to Avoid Plagiarism and use Proper Citation

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  1. How to Avoid Plagiarism and use Proper Citation Dr Nick Buker

  2. What is plagiarism? Using someone else’s words, work or research without properly crediting the source. This includes: • Taking words or passages from another source • Submitting work done by another individuals • Paraphrasing so extensively or closely that the work or ideas belong to the original author • Receiving so much help from another individual that the work cannot be considered your own

  3. What info should be cited? Information that is commonly known to the public does not need to be cited. All other information should be cited. This includes: • Definitions • Constants such as the gas constant, Avogadro's number or the speed of light • Any ideas that have been incorporated into your work from other sources • When in doubt, cite the source!!

  4. What is a source? • Printed resources such as textbooks, journals or handbooks • Online resources such as webpages, class materials or online journals • Written or oral communications with others such as instructors, experts or other students • Any other source of information that contributed ideas to your work Sources vary in quality, so carefully consider the sources you use!

  5. APA Citation You will want to familiarize yourself with APA citation. • Your work should include both In-Text Citation as well as a Reference List • Learn proper citation of textbooks, webpages, online documents and oral communications • There are thousands of online resources regarding APA citation. Perdue’s webpage is the most popular: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/

  6. Plagiarism Example #1 What is resonance? A concept in which the actual structure of a molecule or polyatomic ion is represented as a composite or average of two or more Lewis structures, which are called the resonance or contributing structures (and none of which has real existence). A concept in which the actual structure of a molecule or polyatomic ion is represented as a composite or average of two or more Lewis structures, which are called the resonance or contributing structures (and none of which has real existence).

  7. Plagiarism Example #2 What does VSEPR stand for? VSEPR stands for Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion. It is used to predict the shape of the individual molecule based upon the extent of electron-pair electrostatic repulsion. sources: Vsepr theory. Retrieved March 13, 2012 from:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VSEPR_theory VSEPR stands for Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion. It is used to predict the shape of the individual molecule based upon the extent of electron-pair electrostatic repulsion.

  8. Plagiarism Example #3 Why do atoms absorb and emit light of the same frequency? In other words, why don’t atoms absorb light at one set of frequencies and emit light at another set of frequencies? These wave-functions behave according to rules that imply that electrons in atoms can exist only in certain energy states (called "levels"). When light is absorbed by atoms, the energy in the photon goes to move the electron to a higher-energy level. When electrons go the other way (down in energy level), light is emitted with that energy (i.e. the difference in the energy levels = the energy of the photon).   http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080824154610AAdqWPg These wave-functions behave according rules that imply that electrons in atoms can exist only in certain energy states.  When light is absorbed by atoms, the energy in the photon goes to move the electron to a higher-energy level.  When electrons go the other way (down in energy level), light is emitted with that energy,  The difference in the energy levels = the energy of the photon.

  9. Plagiarism Example #4 Define spectroscopy. Does spectroscopy exclusively involve visible light or may other frequencies be used? It originated through the study of visible light dispersed according to its wavelength.  Later, the concept was expanded to comprise any interaction with radioactive energy as a function of wavelength or frequency. Spectroscopy. (n.d.). Retrieved March 15, 2012 from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectroscopy Historically, spectroscopy originated through the study of visible light dispersed according to its wavelength, e.g., by a prism. Later the concept was expanded greatly to comprise any interaction with radiative energy as a function of its wavelength or frequency. 

  10. Avoiding Plagiarism • Cite any information that isn’t common knowledge • Use quotation marks and citation when taking sentences or phrases from another source • Write from scratch rather than paraphrasing • Paraphrasing closely or cutting and pasting with minor changes is considered plagiarism because the work is not truly yours. • 5 words from another source (without quotation marks) is generally considered plagiarism in the United States.

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