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Journal 21 Title: 4-Level Analysis. from George Orwell’s Animal Farm. All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others. POSp. POSe. P. C. Animal Farm Background . MANKIND

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  1. Journal 21Title: 4-Level Analysis fromGeorge Orwell’s Animal Farm All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others. POSp POSe P C

  2. Animal Farm Background MANKIND Mr. Jones – Owns Manor Farm and represents the last Tsar of Russia, Nicholas IIMrs. Jones – Represents the Tsar's wife, Alexandra.Mr. Pilkington – Owns Foxwood (leader of England) and represents all of the leaders of England.Mr. Frederick – Owns Pinchfield (leader of Germany) and represents Hitler (although he is sometimes interpreted as a composite of the leaders of Germany)Mr. Whymper – Lives in Willingdon and acts as an intermediary between Animal Farm and the outside world in matters of trade. Represents capitalists who did business with the Soviet state.

  3. Animal Farm Background PIGS Napoleon – Represents Joseph Stalin, the second leader of the Soviet Union. Squealer – Represents the Russian media, which spread Stalin's version of the truth to the masses.Snowball – Represents Leo Trotsky. Trotsky was one of the original revolutionaries. But as Stalin rose to power he became one of Stalin's biggest enemies, and was eventually expelled from the Politburo in 1925 - one year after Stalin took control of the nation. Old Major – Represents Karl Marx. He is the father of 'Animalism'. He represents Karl Marx, but in some ways also symbolizes the original communist leader, Vladimir Lenin.

  4. Animal Farm Background HORSES Boxer – Represents the working classClover – Boxer's female counterpartMollie – Represents Russia's upper classes who opposed the revolution

  5. George Orwell • British citizen born in India • Exposed to popular liberal and socialist ideas while studying at Eton • Joined the Civil Service 1921 and went to Burma as a sergeant in the Indian Imperial Police

  6. George Orwell • Quit Civil Service 1927 because disliked being used as instrument of power • Chose to live among the working-class people of Paris and the homeless in Englandfor a year

  7. George Orwell • 1936 became socialist and wrote about oppressed people • Socialism calls for public rather than private ownership • 1945 wrote Animal Farm • Orwell disapproved of Britain’s privileged class and believed instead in the traditions and virtues of the working class. • Used fable to show how revolutionary causes could become corrupt and evolve into totalitarianism (a kind of dictatorship where one political party has total control and all opposition is ruthlessly suppressed), which he saw as the future’s threat to human freedom

  8. Animal Farm & Russian Revolution • Based on 1917 Russian Revolution • Czar Nicholas II (Romanov dynasty) overthrown by Bolshevik Party (workers) • Lenin led new Russian govt after October Revolution

  9. Animal Farm & Russian Revolution • Lenin’s party became known as “Reds” or communists • After Lenin’s death, Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin jockeyed for control of the party • Stalin eventually won, but his party became totalitarian instead of socialist

  10. Animal Farm as Allegory • Orwell wanted people to remember the errors of the past and learn from history’s mistakes. • Animal Farm is an allegory. • An allegory is a story that can be read on two distinct levels. Characters and events in an allegory represent something else, and they are used by the writer to convey a moral or philosophical message

  11. Animal Farm as Satire • Animal Farm is also a satire. • A satire uses ridicule to make certain people, events, or institutions appear foolish.

  12. Levels of Interpretation • Animal Farm is a story about animals (literal) • Animal Farm is a story about the Russian Revolution • Animal Farm is a story about the struggle for power and how it can corrupt leaders.

  13. Journal 1 • Download Journal 1 from the wiki and submit to Turnitin.com by Thursday 11/28 • As we read, write at least 2 sticky notes with comments and questions. Pay attention to Old Major’s speech.

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