Unit 4: Three Branches of Government

Unit 4: Three Branches of Government Chapter 8

Today’s Agenda • Read through important info in Chapter 8.1 as a class (p 212) • Finish Reading Chapter with your Partner • Complete Venn Diagram for Senate and House of Reps with your Partner • Front AND back • Whatever you do not complete will be for homework!

Metaphorical Grab Bag • Count off by 6 • One group member will pick an item out of the bag • Fill in the following statement, using the item you picked out of the bag: • The Legislative branch is like a ____________________________ because ______________________________.

How a Bill becomes a Law • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nKyihoV9z8

Bell Ringer- 10/30 • Answer these questions in your notes: • What is the use of long speeches to prevent voting on a bill is called? (p 231) • What is the President’s cabinet? (p 253) AND • Who does it include?

Executive Branch

President Review • What are the specific requirements to become President of the United States? • What are the limits on the President’s terms? • What are the 7 roles of the President?

Vice-President • Only power given to the Vice-President by the Constitution: Presides over the Senate • When he is absent: the leader of the Senate is the President Pro Tempore (for temporary) • President tells the VP what to do

Presidential Cabinet & Departments • Purpose of Executive Departments: help the President carry out the laws • Head of each department makes up the cabinet • Called Secretaries of … • Except: Department of Justice Attorney General

Executive Departments • Department of State • Foreign policy • Department of Treasury • Collects taxes & makes $ • Department of Defense • Maintains armed forces • Department of Interior • Manages & protects land • Department of Agriculture • Controls food programs • Department of Justice • FBI • Department of Commerce • Conducts census, regulates business & trade • Department of Labor • Enforces labor laws & runs unemployment programs

Executive Departments • Department of Health & Human Resources • FDA, Medicare • Department of Education • Department of Housing and Urban Development • Housing projects (esp. low income) • Department of Transportation • Department of Energy • Department of Veteran’s Affairs • Department of Homeland Security • FEMA, TSA, Secret Service

Presidential Succession

Bell Ringer-11/1 Answer these questions in your notes: • Who is the presiding officer of the Senate when the Vice President is absent? • According to the Constitution, the Vice President: a. presides over the Senate. b. advises the President daily. c. is an ambassador abroad. d. heads special commissions.

Bell Ringer- 11/4 Answer these questions in your notes: • How did the Framers limit the power of the President? • Which of the 7 roles of President do you think is the most difficult? Why? • Hint: We discussed the roles in class (found on your yellow chart!)

Judicial Branch Chapter 10

1. Main power 2. To interpret laws **Review** Main power of legislative branch? - To make laws Main power of executive branch? - To carry out laws

1. Federal Judges 2. Appointed by the President; confirmed by the Senate 2. Serve for life, unless retire, die, or are impeached 2. Other requirements: None Justice Anthony M. Kennedy, Justice John Paul Stevens, Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr., Justice Antonin Scalia, Justice Clarence Thomas. Standing left to right: Justice Samuel Anthony Alito, Jr., Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Justice Stephen G. Breyer, Justice Sonia Sotomayor

2. District Courts 3. Original jurisdiction 4. Authority to hear a case for the first time 2. Appeal Courts 3. Appellate jurisdiction 4. Hear appeal cases from district courts 2. Supreme Court 3. Final authority Supreme Court 1. The Federal Court System Appeal Courts District Courts

Vocabulary • Jurisdiction • (The authority to hear a case) • Appeal • (To ask a higher court to review a decision to see if justice was done)

Appeals Courts Number of courts 12 Jurisdiction Appellate Kinds of cases Appeals from district courts District Courts Number of courts 94 Jurisdiction Original Kinds of cases Federal laws Do the most work District Courts vs. Appeals Courts

Appeals Courts in the U.S.

What does this map show? • What 2 parts of the US gained the most seats?(Hint: NW, SW, NE, or SE)

1. The Supreme Court 2. Marbury v. Madison 3. The case: Marbury sued Madison for not giving him a government job. Ruled that the Constitution did not allow him to take his case directly to the Supreme Court. 3. Established judicial review 4. Power to overturn any law that is in conflict with the Constitution

2. Types of cases heard 3. Representatives of foreign governments 3. Disputes between state governments 3. Appeals from lower courts 4. Hears only 1% of cases requested 4. Selects cases that raise Constitutional issues

2. Making decisions 3. Precedent 4. A guideline for how judges should decide cases in the future 3. Opinion 4. A written statement explaining the reasons for the decision

2. Checks and balances 3. Judicial checks legislative 4. By declaring laws unconstitutional 3. Judicial checks executive 4. By declaring executive acts unconstitutional 3. Legislative checks judicial 4. By confirming appointments & amending the Constitution 3. Executive checks judicial 4. By appointing justices

Unit 4: Three Branches of Government