Similarities : Royal funding & royal control

1. Prompt #1Identify 3 similarities & 3 differences between the Spanish & French colonial patterns in America

2. Similarities: • Royal funding & royal control • Strict emigration; Small populations of single young men looking for profit • Catholic missions (Jesuits) • Frontiers of inclusion with Indians • Large land claims, little “control” • Differences: • Location of their land claims • Gold/encomiendas vs. fur • Inter-marriage vs. French women • Indian conquest vs. Indian alliances • Slow vs. fast pop growth in 18th century

3. Prompt #2Identify 5 factors that stimulated immigration to the British colonies in the 17th Century

4. “Push” factors from England: • Population pressure • Few job or land opportunities (vagrants) or to escape debts • Fear of violence (Civil War & Glorious Revolution) • “Pull” factors to North America: • Desire for wealth (gold/tobacco) • Desire for religious ideals (MA, PA, MD) • Reduced risk due to formation of join-stock companies • Indentured servitude & slavery

5. Prompt #3Name the individual English colonies

6. “Chesapeake” Virginia Maryland “Middle” New York Pennsylvania New Jersey Delaware • “New England” • Plymouth* • Massachusetts • Rhode Island • Connecticut • New Hampshire • New Haven* • “Lower South” • North Carolina • South Carolina • Georgia

7. Prompt #4Define the following • Salutary Neglect • Mercantilism • Headright System • Half-Way Covenant • Indentured Servant • Yeoman Farmer • Frontier of Exclusion

8. Salutary Neglect—loose political control by England; led to self-gov’t & assemblies • Mercantilism—Colonies exist to serve the mother country; Economic control of trade • Headright System—50 acres to anyone who could bring indentured servants (VA) • Half-Way Covenant—membership into town meetings & church for non-converted citizens in New England towns • Indentured Servant—contracted laborer • Yeoman Farmer—small-scale farmer • Frontier of Exclusion—lack of desire to convert, marry, trade with Indians

9. Prompt #5Identify 7 differences among the settlement patterns of the early New England & Chesapeake colonists

10. Chesapeake vs New England: • Desire for wealth vs. Religious freedom • Individualistic vs. Cohesive • Young single men vs. Families • High death rates & low fertility vs. longer life expectancy & high fertility rates • Cash-crop, plantation economy vs. small-scaleyeomen,fishing,shipbuilding • Landed-elite ruled House of Burgesses vs. religious “elect” in town meetings • Secular, Anglican, Catholic vs. Puritan • Forced-labor systems vs. Few slaves • Little education vs. valued education

11. Prompt #6Identify the following people: • John Rolfe • Metacomet • John Winthrop • Jonathan Edwards • Roger Williams • Edmond Andros • William Penn

12. John Rolfe—“Discovered” tobacco in VA • Metacomet—“King Philip”; led Indian attacks on New England colonies • John Winthrop—Puritan leader in MA; Led Great Migration; “City on a Hill” ideal • Jonathan Edwards—evangelist of Great Awakening; “Sinners in the Hands…” • Roger Williams—banished from MA; Founded Rhode Island; Tolerance • Edmond Andros—The despised gov of Dominion of NE after King Philip’s War • William Penn—Founder of PA; Quaker; “Holy Experiment”

13. Prompt #7Identify 5 rebellions in colonial history

14. Bacon’s Rebellion—poor VA farmers angry with Gov about Indian attacks • Stono Rebellion—slaves in SC • NY Slave Rebellion—104 slaves hanged • Powhatan attacks—Attacked Jamestown • King Philip’s War—attacked NE • Salem Witch Trials—young “rebelling” against the older citizens of Salem • Initial smuggling during Navigation Acts—colonists rebelled against mercantilism until they realized monopolistic benefits • Popé’s Rebellion—Pueblo against Spain

15. Prompt #8Identify 6 characteristics or consequences of the Great Awakening

16. Characteristics: • Enthusiastic preaching (“fire & passion”) • Attackedsecularism&oldlightchurches • Freewill(arminianism)notpredestination • Not a unified religious movement • First “national” event in American history • “Camp revivals”to1,000sinattendance • Consequences: • Increased colonial unity • Alternative denominations grew (Baptists & Methodists; New Lights) • New universities to challenge Harvard • Encouraged challenging authority

17. Prompt #9Identify 6 characteristics or specific examples of colonial government *double points for including the 3 “firsts”

18. Colonial Gov’t: • Mayflower Compact (1st self-gov’t) • House of Burgesses (1st legislature) • Fundamntl Orders of CT (1st constitution) • Salutary neglect led to colonial assemblies & self-government • British parliament & king were sovereign but did not act on this power • Royal governors were weak & paid by colonial assemblies • Town meetings in New England • Assemblies ruled by the “elite” but elected democratically by the people • RoyalcontrolinSpain(viceroys)&France

19. Prompt #10Name the proprietary colonies

20. Proprietary Colonies: • Maryland—Lord Baltimore, Catholics • New York—Duke of York after seizure from the Dutch • Pennsylvania—William Penn, Quakers, Holy Experiment • Carolina—Group of 8 who wanted a democratic utopia; Veto power • New Jersey • New Hampshire • Delaware

21. Prompt #11Name the significant religious characteristic of each colony: • Massachusetts • Virginia • Maryland • Pennsylvania • Plymouth • Connecticut

22. Colonial Religions: • Massachusetts—Puritans • Virginia—Anglican • Maryland—Catholic • Pennsylvania—Religiously diverse; Quakers; Holy experiment • Plymouth—Puritan separatists (Pilgrims) • Connecticut—Puritan

23. Prompt #12Identify 3 characteristics of the American backcountry

24. Backcountry Characteristics: • Geographic area beyond the eastern seaboard, near Appalachian Mountains • Most diverse place in colonial America: populated by Scots-Irish, Germans, former indentured servants • Rockysoil,difficulttofarm,yeomenfarms • Proximity to Indians; Dangerous • Rebellious: Scots-Irish won’t obey, Germans won’t conform, Poor farmers are frustrated

25. Prompt #13Identify 5 characteristics of the middle colonies

26. Characteristics of Middle Colonies: • Ethnic immigrant diversity • Religious diversity & religiously tolerant • Economic diversity: Shipping, wheat, corn, farming, livestock, iron • Most people were yeoman farmers • Proprietary colonies (NY & PA) • Excellent harbors (Philadelphia, NY City) • Less hostile with Indians than NE or Southern colonies

27. Prompt #14What is the difference between a Pilgrim & Puritan?

28. Puritans: • Believed in purifying the Anglican Church of all Catholic rituals • Were willing to work to reform the church • Believed in predestination & strict moral codes • Immigrated to Massachusetts • Pilgrims: • “Separatists” (Radical Puritans) • Unwilling to wait for reform • Migrated to Plymouth (absorbed by MA)

29. Prompt #15Name the colony associated with • “City on a Hill” • “Holy Experiment” • “Stinking Weed” • “Salad Bowl” • “Political Utopia” • “Buffer Colony” • “Act of Tolerance” • “Land of the Weirdos”

30. “City on a Hill”—Massachusetts • “Holy Experiment”—Pennsylvania • “Stinking Weed”—Virginia • “Salad Bowl”—New York • “Political Utopia”—Carolina • “Buffer Colony”—Georgia • “Act of Tolerance”—Maryland