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Effective Insect Management Guide: Control Techniques for Knapweed and Leafy Spurge

This comprehensive guide covers effective strategies for managing insect pests that affect knapweed and leafy spurge. Learn about using sweep nets, aspirators, and various bio-agents like Cyphocleonus achates and Larinus minutus. Understand the importance of proper storage and transportation to keep beneficial insects cool and healthy. This resource provides insight on measuring pest populations, hand-picking strategies, and the biology of key insects, ensuring you can implement successful control measures for better pest management.

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Effective Insect Management Guide: Control Techniques for Knapweed and Leafy Spurge

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  1. More Sweep Net Photos

  2. Container with holes, label • Add food & surfaces • Keep shaded!! Keep Cool!! • Cooler, packing, ice packs • Store in refrigerator • Transport in coolers Insect Storage & Transport

  3. The insects need proper food and care for transport

  4. Cool in refer to slow • Hand pick • Aspirator = “bug sucker” • Accelerator Separate Larinus minutus knapweed seed head weevil

  5. Accelerator -Sweep net through flea beetle infestation. -place nettings in screen. –flea beetles fit through screen. -flea beetles fall through funnel into jar. –release fairly well cleaned up. -measure flea beetle #’s by volume.

  6. Insect Economy • Defoliators • Seed Head Feeders • Leaf Galls • Stem Galls • Stem Borers • Root Borers • Root Feeders • Other: fungi, nematodes, bacteria, etc..

  7. Insects need the proper habitat!

  8. Cyphocleonus achates – knapweed root boring weevil • Agapeta zoegana – knapweed root boring moth • Larinus minutus – knapweed seed head weevil • Aphthona spp. – leafy spurge flea beetles • Oberea erythrocephala – leafy spurge root boring beetle • Mecinus janthinus – toadflax stem boring weevil. Specific Insect How To

  9. Cyphocleonus: hand pick, sweep net • Agapeta: hand pick, sweep net, vac • Larinus: sweep net + asperator or pump • Aphthona: sweep net + accelerator • Oberea: sweep net + hand pick from net. Bio-agent Collection

  10. Cyphocleonus achates – Root Boring Weevil • Adults emerge Aug./Sept. • Lay eggs on root crown • Larvae bore into root • Over winter as larvae in root • Feeding in taproot and exit hole cause damage • Pupate in early summer • Emerge and do it all again • Do not fly • 2000-29,000+/yr..

  11. Cyphocleonus achatesknapweed root boring weevil

  12. Agapeta zoegana - root boring moth • Biology: • Adults emerge spring/summer • Lay eggs on lower stem • Larvae hatch, mine down stem into the root • Larvae over winter in root • Pupate in soil early/late spring • Larvae can move a short distance through soil to a new plant if theirs dies • Adults disperse by flying • Collected 2,950 in 2007!

  13. Over winters as adult weevil! • Adults gather at knapweed plants when flower buds appear • Females lay one egg per flower • Larvae soon hatch and consume seeds (that is a good thing!!) • Pupate in destroyed flower • Emerge as adult in late summer • Fly away and over winter • Strong flier, readily disperses • Great one-two punch with root borers!! Larinus minutus Biology:

  14. Larinus Collections

  15. Aphthona – leafy spurge flea beetles • Adults emerge from soil early/mid summer • Release pheromone, stay together • Adults feed on spurge leaves, high #’s can damage plants • Scatter eggs on soil around spurge plants • Larvae soon hatch, feed on root hairs • Major effect: larval root feeding • Larvae feed all fall, winter & spring • Pupate in soil in late spring • Becoming very successful bio-agent! • Can hop & fly, we need to disperse them…

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