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Bacterial Classification

Bacterial Classification. Taxonomy and Characteristics. Prokaryotes. Domain Archaea [ancient bacteria] Domain Eubacteria [true bacteria] make up the old Kingdom Monera Prokaryotes Most abundant group Widely distributed Oldest organisms. Domain Eukarya. Organelles Plasma membrane

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Bacterial Classification

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  1. Bacterial Classification Taxonomy and Characteristics

  2. Prokaryotes • Domain Archaea [ancient bacteria] • Domain Eubacteria [true bacteria] make up the old Kingdom Monera Prokaryotes • Most abundant group • Widely distributed • Oldest organisms

  3. Domain Eukarya • Organelles • Plasma membrane • Cell wall, if present, made up of polysaccharides • Fungi : chitin • Plants/Algae: cellulose or pectins • Vertebrates: no cell wall

  4. Eukaryotes DNA Membrane, nucleus Multiple chromosomes Associated with histones Organelles Cell Walls Division Sexual: Meiosis Asexual: Mitosis Motility: Flagella whips Prokaryotes DNA Nonmembrane, nucleiod One circular chromosome No histones Organelles Cell Walls: peptidoglycan Division Asexual Binary Fission Snapping Budding Motility: Flagella spins Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes

  5. Eubacteria • Prokaryotic • Unicellular • Shapes • Vary in size • Taxonomy: Bergey’s Manual • Low G+C Gram Positive • High G+C Gram Positive • Gram Negative Proteobacteria • Nonpathogenic: environmental contributions • Pathogenic

  6. Bacterial Shapes • Result of Asexual Reproduction • Binary Fission • Cross wall divides • Daughter cells +/- separate • Snapping Division • Inner cell wall divides • Daughter cells hinged • Budding • Outgrowth of original cell

  7. Budding

  8. Snapping Division

  9. Binary Fission

  10. Cocci Pairs Chains Tetrads Cubes Clusters Bacillus Separate Pairs Chains Binary Fission Results

  11. Bacterial Shapes

  12. Cocci: Pairs • Division in one plane • Diplococci • Neisseria

  13. Cocci: Chains • Division in 2 Planes • Streptococcus

  14. Cocci: Tetrads • Division in three planes • Micrococcus

  15. Cocci: 8-cell group • Divides in 3 planes • Sarcina

  16. Cocci: Clusters • Division in 3 planes • Staphylococcus

  17. Cocci Summary

  18. Rods: Straight E. coli

  19. Rods: Club-Shaped Corynebacterium

  20. Rods: Branching Actinomyces

  21. Rods: Comma form Vibrio

  22. Rods: Spore Formers

  23. Gram Negative Rod Summary

  24. Gram Positive Rod Summary

  25. Spiral Forms

  26. Pleomorphic

  27. Bacterial Shapes Review

  28. Motility

  29. Low G+C Gram Positive Organisms • Rods • Clostridia • Mycoplasmas • Bacillus • Listeria • Lactobacillus • Cocci • Streptococcus • Enterococcus • Staphylococcus

  30. High G+C Gram Positives • Rods • Corynebacterium • Mycobacterium • Actinomycetes • Actinomyces • Nocardia • Streptomyces Corynebacterium Nocardia M.tb

  31. Gram Negative Alpha Proteobacteria • Pathogenic • Rickettsia • Brucella • Ehrlichia Ehrlichia

  32. Gram Negative Beta Proteobacteria • Pathogenic • Neisseria • Bordetella • Spirillum • Burkholderia

  33. Gram Negative Gamma Proteobacteria • Pathogenic • Legionella • Coxiella • Pseudomonads • Enterobacteriaceae • E. coli • Salmonella • Shigella • Proteus • Yersinia • Enterobacter • Serratia Pseudomonas

  34. Gram Negative Epsilon Proteobacteria • Pathogenic • Campylobacter • Helicobacter Helicobacter Campylobacter

  35. Other Bacteria Chlamydia • Pathogenic • Chlamydia • Spirochetes • Treponema [syphilis] • Borrelia [Lyme ds] Borrelia Treponema

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