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Pump-Up

Pump-Up. How do you think the Allies are able to win WWII?. Allied Victory. Today’s Vocabulary. D-Day Turning point of the war in Europe. Manhattan Project Top secret project to build the atomic bomb. Tide Turns in Europe. The British attacked Rommel one night by surprise.

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Pump-Up

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  1. Pump-Up • How do you think the Allies are able to win WWII?

  2. Allied Victory

  3. Today’s Vocabulary • D-Day • Turning point of the war in Europe. • Manhattan Project • Top secret project to build the atomic bomb.

  4. Tide Turns in Europe • The British attacked Rommel one night by surprise. • Rommel retreats. • Rommel is defeated when he is caught between the British and American armies in May 1943. • Hitler lays siege to Stalingrad. • Stalin told his army to defend the city to the death. • The Soviet troops launched a counterattack. • The Germans were now on the defensive (Feb. 1943). • The Allies capture Sicily from the Italians (Aug 1943) • The new king has Mussolini arrested and surrendered. • Hitler puts Mussolini back into power. • The Allies enter Rome on June 4, 1944. • The Italians find Mussolini trying to escape. • They shoot him and hang his body for all to see.

  5. Hitler’s Defensive War • Operation Overlord: D-Day (June 6, 1944) • The invasion of Normandy was the largest attack in history; 3 million troops. • By July the Allies marched into Paris. • The Germans were now fighting a defensive war. • Battle of the Bulge • Hitler decided to counter-attack to split up the Americans and British forces and supplies. • Since the Allies were pushed back, it was given the name Battle of the Bulge. • The Allies eventually pushed the Germans back and they began to retreat.

  6. Victory in Europe • 3 million Allied soldiers approached Berlin from the west and 6 million Soviet troops approached from the east. • By April 1945, the Soviets had surrounded the capital and were pounding the city with artillery fire. • Hitler committed suicide. • On May 7, 1945, Germany surrendered.

  7. Japans Defensive War • Battle of Leyte Gulf • The Japanese navy was destroyed. • Japan used kamikaze to try and prevent an Allied victory. • Suicide pilots who would sink Allied ships by crashing their planes into them. • Iwo Jima • The Japanese had dug into the island and would defend it to the death; no surrender. • The island was 8 square miles of volcanic rock. • 6,821 Americans and 21,703 Japanese were killed after a month of fighting. • Okinawa • Fighting on Japanese soil. • 12,000 Americans and over 100,000 Japanese were killed after about 2 months of fighting. • Japanese committed suicide b/c they were told that the American soldiers would go on a rampage of killing and raping.

  8. Victory in Japan • The Manhattan Project was led by scientist J. Robert Oppenheimer. • President Truman had to decide which method would be most effective in ending the war with Japan. • Land invasion vs. atomic bomb • On August 6, 1945 the atomic bomb is dropped on Hiroshima. • 70,000 - 80,000 people died immediately. • On August 9, 1945 the second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. • 70,000 people were killed immediately.

  9. Impact of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima

  10. Costs of WWII

  11. Postwar Gov’t & Politics • Some countries are able to quickly return to normal life. • Other countries are influenced by Communism. • Offer security during tough economic times. • Nuremberg Trials • Court trial in which 22 Nazi’s are charged with “crimes against humanity.”

  12. Postwar Japan • General Douglas MacArthur took charge of the U.S. occupation of Japan. • Wanted to be fair and not to plant the seeds of future war. • Demilitarization • Disbanding the Japanese armed forces. • Brought war criminals to trial. • Many were put to death. • Democratization • Process of creating a gov’t elected by the people. • Constitutional monarchy

  13. Occupation Brings Changes • The Japanese emperor had to declare that he wasn’t divine ruler. • Became a figurehead—a symbol of Japan. • The parliament (Diet) and prime minister had the real power. • All citizens over the age of 20 had the right to vote. • Article 9 of the Japanese constitution stated that the Japanese could only wage war if they were attacked. • The U.S. and Japan now become allies. • The U.S. and the Soviet Union and the U.S. no longer see eye-to-eye.

  14. Reflection • Explain how victory was achieved in Europe and in the Pacific during WWII.

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