G.S.I.: G eographic S cience I nvestigations

1. G.S.I.: Geographic Science Investigations Teaching Migration in Middle School with the Georgia Performance Standards Presenter: Mary Ann Stillerman Cobb County School District

2. Objectives • Participants will know and be able to… • Identify strategies for introducing concepts and topics in migration based on GPS. • Identify resources for unit and lesson planning for the teaching and learning of migration. • Develop student-centered performance tasks. • Differentiate lessons for diverse learners.

3. How are Concepts like a Closet? • Information clutter • Background knowledge • Hanging new information on “concepts”

4. Georgia Performance Standards • Themes / Concepts • Performance Task— • Formative Assessment • Application of knowledge and skills • Student ownership of learning • Tangible products / observable performances • May be cumulative • Evaluated based on established criteria Curriculum Map

5. Topics in Middle Grades Migration • Exploration • Empires • Colonization • Trade • Development • Social Change • Political Change • Interaction Lesson / Unit Planning Resources

6. Strategies (Student-Centered) • Virtual Journeys • Sensory Figures • Maps & Metaphors • Spatial Timelines • Graphic Organizers: K-W-L and Beyond… • Cubing / Tic Tac Know • And more… Lesson / Unit Planning Resources

7. Performance Tasks • Writing to Learn & R.A.F.T.S. • Commemorative Markers • Murals & Museums • Political cartoons • Mosaics • G.I.S. and G.S.I. (using G.I.S. to analyze migration factors in Geographic Science Investigations) • Flow charts • Documentaries • more… Lesson / Unit Planning Resources

8. Discovery Learning • How can students learn concepts through active play? • Games and Simulations

9. Concepts in Migration Push Factors Pull Factors Migration Game Forced Diffusion Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Voluntary

10. Start with the Standard

11. Question: Why do people move? How does cultural diffusion impact a region? How does physical geography influence movement? Performance Task: Play a game Design a game Create a Performance Task • Resources: • NGS Map Machine • Africa in 3-D • Exploring Africa Web • PBS Africa • Toolbox (skills/ strategies) • Foldable Migration Journal • Skills Matrix • Cause & Effect G.O.

12. AfricaTrek: Movement & Migration in Africa

13. Sections: Environmental Political Economic Cultural Center: Map of Journey Answer the question… Migration Journal

14. Culminating Task • Design a Game: • A board game or storyboard/plans for a video/ computer game: • Push Pull Factors • Barriers to Movement • Components of culture affected by movement • Distribution patterns • Effects of migration on communities Lesson / Unit Planning Resources

15. R.A.F.T.S.: A Geographer’s World • Components: • Role and context • Audience to Address • Format • Topic about which to write • Strong Verb (Purpose)/Skill • Why? • “the bridge between the questions they have and the answers they find.” (Gain Content Knowledge) • “we write to make sense of our world.” • Ideas, organization, voice, word choice, fluency, conventions, presentation • “Doing Geography” • Core skills • Geographic Literacy

16. Build Your Raft • Start with a standard • Pose a question • What do you want students to understand and be able to do? • Example: the student will understand that exploration played a significant role in the development of Europe and be able to trace European empires in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. • Design a Performance Task: • Build a R.A.F.T.

17. Role • What field? • Environmental • Physical • Human and Cultural • Historical • Regional • GIS • Cartography • And much more…

18. Audience • What is the context? • Who are you addressing? • Royal geographer for the Qing emperor? • Community planner for a city in Ancient Egypt? • Geo-Political Advisor for Foreign Affairs in the White House?

19. Format • Captions for a Mural / Museum Exhibit • Commentary for a News Program • Maps, Graphs, Charts, Tables, Timelines • Comparisons • Problems and Solutions Proposal • Documentary • Public Service Announcement • Persuasive / Expository

20. Task / Topic • Based on the standard • Problem-based: • Spiral curriculum • Explain/describe to Analyze, Synthesize, Suggest. • Answers the question. • Reflects Geographic Literacy

21. Strong Verb / Skill • Describe, Explain, Predict, Suggest, Analyze • Geographer’s Toolbox

22. Middle Grades GPS Grade Six: Global Studies Europe, Latin America, Canada, Australia Grade Seven: Global Studies Asia, Africa Grade Eight: Georgia Studies Skills Matrix

23. Movement & Migration Grade Six Latin America Global Studies Australia Oceania Europe Curriculum Map Main

24. Movement & Migration Grade Seven Global Studies Southern & Eastern Asia Africa Curriculum Map Main

25. Movement & Migration Grade Eight Exploration Colonization Modern Georgia Post WWII Pre-History Curriculum Map Main

26. Grade Six: Movement & Migration Europe Latin America Canada Australia / Oceania • Historical Influences of Europe: • Exploration • Expansion of Empires • Latin America Cultural Legacy: • Meso-America Development • European Colonization • Canada’s Historical Background: • European Colonization • Cultural Legacy of Australia / Oceania • Culture before/after arrival of Europeans* • * Time, Continuity, & Change (Theme) Main

27. SS6H4: the student will describe the important developments in Europe between 1400 CE and 1800 CE D. Explain the importance of exploration in the development of Europe; include the work of Prince Henry the Navigator, Columbus, and Hudson E. Trace the empires of Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, England, and France in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Grade Six: Movement & Migration Europe • Historical Influences of Europe: • Exploration • Expansion of Empires Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

28. SS6H1: the student will describe the civilizations at the time of the Columbian Exchange and the impact of European exploration on those civilizations. Describe Aztec and Incan societies prior to the Columbian Exchange; include religious beliefs, origins of their empires, the astronomic and calendar developments of the Aztecs, and the roads and aqueducts of the Incas. SSE6a: Explain how countries such as England, France, and the Netherlands developed extensive colonial empires as an important aspect of their economies. Grade Six: Movement & Migration Latin America • Latin America Cultural Legacy: • Meso-America Development • European Colonization Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

29. SS6H2: the student will explain the development of Latin America and the Caribbean and Canada as colonies of European nations and on through their independence. Explain the colonization of Canada by the French and later the English. SSE6a: Explain how countries such as England, France, and the Netherlands developed extensive colonial empires as an important aspect of their economies. Grade Six: Movement & Migration Canada • Canada’s Historical Background: • European Colonization Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

30. SS6H6: the student will describe the culture and development of Australia and Oceania prior to contact with Europeans. SS6H7: the student will explain the impact of European exploration and colonization had on Australia and Oceania. SS6G12a: Explain the aboriginal culture that existed in Australia prior to the arrival of Europeans; include aboriginal art, religious beliefs, customs, and traditions and how that culture is still evident in Australia today. Grade Six: Movement & Migration Australia/ Oceania • Cultural Legacy of Australia / Oceania • Culture before/after arrival of Europeans* • * Time, Continuity, & Change (Theme) Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

31. Grade Seven: Movement & Migration Asia Africa • Historical Background for Southern & Eastern Asia: • Trade Networks • Connecting the Past with the Present: • Trade routes & Centers of Commerce • Bantu Migration • European Interaction Main

32. SS7H7:The student will explain the growth and development of Southern and Eastern Asia. a. Trace the origins and spread of Hinduism and Buddhism. b. Explain the importance of the Silk Road in the movement of goods and ideas to other parts of the world. Grade Seven: Movement & Migration Asia • Historical Background for Southern & Eastern Asia: • Trade Networks Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

33. SS7H1: The student will identify important African empires. a. Describe the development of African empires including Ghana, Mali, Songhai, and Ethiopia. SS7H2: The student will identify important African empires. a. Explain the origins of the slave trade in Africa and describe the trading routes to North Africa, Europe, and the Americas. b. Describe the development of European empires in Africa; include the reasons for colonization and partitioning of Africa and the approach to empire by Great Britain, France, and Belgium. . Grade Seven: Movement & Migration Africa • Connecting the Past with the Present: • Trade routes & Centers of Commerce • Bantu Migration • European Interaction Lesson / Unit Planning Resources MORE Main

34. SS7E2 The student will give examples of how voluntary trade benefits buyers and sellers in Africa over time a. Analyze the development of voluntary trade; include Tran Saharan trade and Middle East and Asian trade routes SS7G4 The student will describe the cultural characteristics of different people who live in Africa. c. Trace the spread of the Bantu peoples and explain the impact this had on Africa. Grade Seven: Movement & Migration Africa • Connecting the Past with the Present: • Trade routes & Centers of Commerce • Bantu Migration • European Interaction Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

35. Grade Eight: Movement & MigrationGeorgia Studies Pre-Historic Exploration/ Colonization Post WWII Modern Georgia • Understanding the Geography of Early Inhabitants • Development of Pre-Historic Culture • Reasons for & Events surrounding Early Exploration & Colonization • Impact of Europeans on Native Americans • Reasons for Colonization of Georgia • Political & Social Development Leading to Growth of the State • Political & Social changes of Atlanta which resulted in growth for the state. • Significant Developments Contributing to a Modern Georgia • Contribution of immigrants and their communities on a modern society. Main

36. SS8H1 The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia. a. Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. b. Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American cultures; include Spanish missions along the barrier islands, and the explorations of Hernando DeSoto. Grade Eight: Movement & MigrationGeorgia Studies Pre-Historic • Understanding the Geography of Early Inhabitants • Development of Pre-Historic Culture Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

37. SS8H1 The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia. b. Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American cultures; include Spanish missions along the barrier islands, and the explorations of Hernando DeSoto. Grade Eight: Movement & MigrationGeorgia Studies Exploration/ Colonization • Reasons for & Events surrounding Early Exploration & Colonization • Impact of Europeans on Native Americans • Reasons for Colonization of Georgia Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

38. SS8G2 The student will explain how the Interstate Highway System, Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport, and Georgia’s deepwater ports help drive the state’s economy. SS8E1 The student will give examples of the kinds of goods and services produced in Georgia in different historical periods. SS8E2 The student will explain the benefits of free trade. a. Describe how Georgians have engaged in trade in different historical time periods. Grade Eight: Movement & MigrationGeorgia Studies Exploration/ Colonization • Reasons for & Events surrounding Early Exploration & Colonization • Impact of Europeans on Native Americans • Reasons for Colonization of Georgia Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

39. SS8H10 The student will evaluate key post-World War II developments of Georgia from 1945 to 1970. b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr., and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. SS8E2 The student will explain the benefits of free trade. b. Explain Georgia’s role in world trade today. SS8E3 The student will evaluate the influence of Georgia’s economic growth and development. c. Evaluate the importance of entrepreneurs in Georgia who developed such enterprises as Coca-Cola, Delta Airlines, Georgia-Pacific, and Home Depot. Grade Eight: Movement & MigrationGeorgia Studies Post WWII • Political & Social Development Leading to Growth of the State • Political & Social changes of Atlanta which resulted in growth for the state. Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

40. SS8H12 The student will explain the importance of significant social, economic, and political developments in Georgia since 1970. e. Evaluate the importance of new immigrant communities to the growth and economy of Georgia. Grade Eight: Movement & MigrationGeorgia Studies Modern Georgia • Significant Developments Contributing to a Modern Georgia • Contribution of immigrants and their communities on a modern society. Lesson / Unit Planning Resources Main

41. Visit this link to download documents and access links for designing units and lesson plans: www.smithams.typepad.com/geographyisessential Other Best Practices in Teaching Questions Resources for Teaching & Learning Migration for Middle School