1. Spanish Regular Verbs Spanish Regular Verbs Elizabeth Navedo Arbeláez S00069808 ENGL 360 Contrastive Analysis of English and Spanish Professor: Dr. Evelyn Lugo Morales

2. Spanish Regular Verbs • Spanish Regular Verbs are those verbs that conjugate in a totally uniform way, without modifying their stem, and empolying the corresponding ending in every mode and time to the conjugaction to which it belongs. • In the Spanish Regular Verbs the stem is the part that expreses it’s infinitive way. • It identifies the action that the verb enunciates • Verbs in Spanish act differently from verbs in English • Infinitive is the unconjugated form of a verb, such as " to write," " to be," " to want," " to run." • Conjugation is the process of changing the form of a verb to reflect the desired tense and subject

3. Spanish Regular Verbs • Verbs in Spanish not only contain information about when the action took place (the tense), but also who performed the action (the subject). • In Spanish there are three categories of verbs: -ar; -er; and -ir. • The unstressed present tense endings for -er and -ir verbs are essentially the same as for -ar verbs, except that the a vowel of the ending is replaced by e (so instead of -as, the tú form ends in -esetc):

4. Spanish Verbs • There are many Spanish verbs (like ser and estar) that convey distinctions in meanings that do not exist in English. • All Spanish verbs are either "regular" or "irregular • Spanish verbs have many more possibilities in its simple forms. • Spanish verbs pack all of the following into a single word form: verb stem + tense marker + person marker

5. Spanish Verbs • For example, the word veíamos is from the Spanish verb ver, meaning to see, to watch. • The form veíamos normally means something like "we were watching" (as in we were watching TV), and can be broken down into the following parts: The verb stem: ve-, which identifies which verb it is The tense marker: -ía-, which marks this form as a tense usually referred to as the imperfect The person marker: -mos, meaning "we"

6. Spanish Regular Verbs It is important to know the stem of the verb so that you can add the endings to it, like the stem of hablar is habl, comer: com, vivir: viv. I speak = yo + habl+o = yohablo. present participle, past participle, present indicative, preterit indicative, Imperfect indicative, future indicative, imperative (Commands).

7. Spanish Verbs • The above formula of stem + tense + person makes things look simpler than they actually are. • In many verb forms, there are complications in how these parts are actually put together. • Some verbs have irregular stems, which in turn can depend on the tense. So in that sense, the "stem" and "tense" part of the verb form aren't quite so separate all the time. • Although the ending -mos works for all forms, other persons such as the I form, can actually have different endings depending on the tense. • The "tense" and "person ending" parts of the verb form aren't always quite so separate either.

8. Spanish Regular Verb in Present Tense

9. Contrast between English and Spanish In English, the subject has to be specified before the verb In Spanish, the information can be contained in a single word. Escribo(present tense) Escribiste (preterit past tense) Escribiremos (future tense) • I write (present tense) • I wrote (past tense) • We will write (future tense)

10. Contrast between English and Spanish Spanish English to speak I speak you speak we speak you-all speak to eat I eat you eat we eat you-all eat to live I live you live we live you-all live hablar • yohablo • ustedhabla • nosotros/as hablamos • ustedeshablan comer • yocomo • usted come • nosotros/as comemos • ustedescomen vivir • yovivo • usted vive • nosotros/as vivimos • ustedesviven

11. Imperfect tense Conditional tense Future tense Functions of Spanish Regular Verbs Imperative Preterit

12. Imperfect tense • A past tense that is a single word in Spanish (i.e. it is a simple tense) • Often translated in English by used to … or was / were … ing • Generally used to describe an event or state but without viewing its “end point” • The form of the imperfect tense in Spanish fall in two patterns: -ar; -er; and -ir. • The form of the imperfect tense of –ar verbs which are based on the ending -aba plus a person ending in some cases. • The form of the imperfect tense of -er and -ir verbs is formed using a different set of endings. • The basic pattern is that the infinitive ending (-er or -ir) is replaced with -ía. Then, regular person endings are added where necessary. • Almost all verbs commonly classed as "irregular" ending in -er/-ir also follow this pattern.

13. Imperfect tense of –ar verbs - ar verbs have imperfect tense forms ending in – aba – (plus a person ending)

14. Imperfect tense of –er and –ir verb Adding -ía then the person endings, this gives the following endings for the imperfect of -er and -ir verbs:

15. Future Tense • Spanish verbs have a single-word form that carries roughly the meaning of English will or 'll (as in we will try, he'll eat, they'll comeetc). • The future tense of most verbs consists of the infinitive plus an ending. • Occasionally, a slightly modified form of the infinitive is used (vendrá, not venirá).

17. Conditional Verb Forms • Spanish has a single-word verb form that roughly corresponds to English would/'d .... • It generally expresses either (a) something that would happen based on a condition (the condition may be implied rather than stated), or (b) future-in-the-past. Examples of Spanish conditional forms: lo haríasi...I'd do it if...dijoquevendríahe said he'd come

18. Spanish Regular Verb Preterit (past tense) The Preterit is equal to the past tense.

19. Spanish Regular Imperative Verbs The imperative or command verb in Spanishare like giving orders to others.

20. References • http://www.rocketlanguages.com/spanish/resources/spanish_verbs.php • http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/regverb1.htm • http://www.escueladigital.com.uy/espaniol/verbos_reg.htm • http://www.espanol-ingles.com.mx/spanish-grammar/verbs_introduction.shtml • http://quizlet.com/334380/regular-spanish-verbs-meanings-flash-cards/ • http://spanish.speak7.com/spanish_regular_verbs.htm