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Understanding Mastics and Hot Melts: Applications in Construction and Woodworking

This lecture focuses on mastics and hot melts, which are high-viscosity adhesives widely used in construction and woodworking. Mastics, characterized by their paste-like consistency and high solid content, bond various materials including ceramic, plastic, and metal. Commonly supplied as polyurethane adhesives, they offer good gap-filling capability but may struggle with moisture exposure. Hot melts, composed of thermoplastics like EVA and polyamide, set rapidly and are ideal for applications such as edge banding and veneer splicing. Learn about the components and uses of these essential adhesives.

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Understanding Mastics and Hot Melts: Applications in Construction and Woodworking

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  1. Forestry 485 Lecture 3-7: Mastics, Hot Melts, etc.

  2. Mastics • Very high viscosity and tack • Paste-like consistency • High solids, low solvent • Common form of construction adhesives • e.g., Polyurethane adhesives are commonly supplied as a mastic • General purpose home, shop, construction adhesive • Some used for industrial production of wooden I-beams

  3. Mastic Composition • Composition varies widely; may contain: • Rubber (natural, synthetic, recycled); latex in water or dispersion in solvent • Tackifiers: Rosin, resin, phenolics, resorcinolics • Fillers: Carbon black, chalk, zinc oxide, clay • Plasticizers, antioxidants, curing agents, other

  4. Mastic Uses • Mastics are common construction adhesives supplied in tube or can, used to bond: • Ceramic, plastic, metal, asphalt, or acoustical tile • Hardboard and wood paneling • Wallboard, furring strips • Flooring: Wood and synthetic • Countertop laminates • Many, many others! (see Marra, p. 68 for additional items)

  5. Mastic Use • Require only nailing pressure to effect a good bond. • These adhesives generally have good dry and wet strength. • HOWEVER, they do not stand up well to repeated cyclic moisture exposure. • Good gap-filling ability.

  6. Hot Melts • 100% Solid Thermoplastics • Pellets, blocks, chips • Set (harden) within seconds upon removal of heat source (“heat-loss adhesive system”) • Used extensively for edge-banding, veneer splicing, and similar applications

  7. Common Types of Hot Melts • Polyamide • Typical application: Veneer splicing • Low melt viscosity aids glue spread and wetting • Rapid setup upon cooling • Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) • Typical application: Edge banding & veneering • High viscosity at application temperature; 50,000 to 60,000 cps at 200 oC

  8. EVA Glues are also used for Hobby, Industrial Assembly, and Packaging www.impact-adhesives.com Industrial EVA stick applicators Industrial EVA slug applicators Industrial EVA granular applicator for package closing

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