1. Developing a Healthy Lifestyle Sheila Brown & Schaun Brown October 4, 2001

2. ALARMING TRENDS • Diets are falling short of the mark • Desirable physical activity levels arenot being met • Obesity rates are skyrocketing • Adult diseases are showing up in children • Source: Changing the Scene, USDA.

3. Adverse CVD Risk Factor Levels in Children • 27.1% Percent of children, aged 5-10, with 1 or more adverse CVD risk factor levels • 60.6% Percent of overweight children, aged 5-10, with 1 or more adverse CVD risk factors levels • Source: Freedman DS et al. Pediatrics 1999; 103:1175-82.

4. Percentage of US Youth who met Dietary Recommendations for Calcium Intake by Age and Sex,1988-94 Males Females Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, CDC

5. 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Milk Regular Soft Drinks Juice Diet Soft Drinks 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 Beverages Available in US Food Supply(Gallons/Person/Year) Source: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service Statistical Bulletin No. 939, 1997

6. Diet –Risk Factor for Three Leading Causes of Death • Heart Disease • Cancer • Stroke

7. Diet –Known Factor for: • Diabetes • High Blood Pressure • Osteoporosis • Iron Deficiency Anemia

8. Diabetes • 7th leading cause of death in the US • Approximately 30,000 children have Type 2 Diabetes

9. High Blood Pressure (HTN) • 1 in 4 adults have HTN • Decrease sodium intake, increase physical activity, and maintain healthy body weight

10. Osteoporosis: Loss of Bone Mass • Low dietary intake of calcium during childhood/adolescence • By Age 17---- 90% bone mass established • By Age 21--- calcium no longer added to bones • After Age 21— a steady loss of calcium begins.

11. Iron Deficiency • School age youths and female adolescents ---greatest risk of iron deficiency.

12. Iron Deficiency • One of the most prevalent Nutrition problems of children. • Leads to shorten attention span, irritability, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating. • (National Health/Education Consortium)

13. Literally Growing Before Our Eyes! • Obesity and overweightness — affects 10 million US Children • Obesity-contributes to 300,000 deaths yearly • Annual cost to health care system--$70 billion (US Sec. of Agriculture - Dan Glickman)

14. Obesity • Percentage of overweight children and adolescents - doubled in past 20 years. • OBESE children - more likely to become obese adults.

15. Increase in calories Decrease in physical activity How Do Children Become Obese? OBESITY

16. Dietary Guidelines for Americans-2000 • Aim for Fitness • Build a Healthy Base • Choose Sensibly

17. Guidelines • Aim, Build and Choose------for good health. • Written for healthy children > than 2 years old and for adults.

18. What can you do??? • OFFER: • grain products • fruits and vegetables • low fat dairy products • lean meats, poultry and fish

19. Consider the following: • Serving large amounts of foods that are high in fat or have added sugars

20. GET MOVING !!!!!! • Get regular physical activity! • Children and adolescents need 60 minutes per day

21. Ride bicycle Walk Play tag Ride scooter PE class Dance Swim Physical Activities for Children and Teens

22. Kid’s Activity PyramidSource: Team Nutrition, USDA, September 2000.

23. Taylor School District

24. Taylor School District

25. Taylor School District

26. Exercise… In School and Out

27. “Food Works”http://www.fns.usda.gov/tn/Educators/scholastic.html

28. Build a Healthy BaseLet the Pyramid Guide Your Food Choices

29. Grains Group-----6 Vegetable-----3 Fruit-----2 Milk-----2 Meat, Poultry, Fish, Dry Beans, Eggs and Nuts-----2, for a total of 5 oz. Grain Group-----9 Vegetable-----4 Fruit-----3 Milk-----3 Meat, Poultry, Fish, Dry Beans, Eggs and Nuts-----2 for a total of 6 oz. Servings for Children, Servings for Older 2-6 years Children and Teen Girls

30. What is your upper limit of fat for calories consumed?

31. 1 slice of bread ½ cup of pasta ½ cup of vegetables 1 medium apple 1 cup of milk 2 T. of peanut butter 2 oz of processed cheese What Counts as a Serving???

32. Plant Foods—Foundation of your Meals • Start with: • A variety of whole grains • Fruits • Vegetables

33. Why Do Kids Need Calcium? • Strong Bones • Reduces risk of Osteoporosis • Keeps teeth strong and healthy

34. How Much Calcium Does AChild Need? • 1-3 years old------------------500 mg • 4-8 years old------------------800 mg • 9-18 years old---------------1300 mg

35. Where is the Calcium? • Examples: • Yogurt---1 cup • Milk----1 cup • Orange Juice with added Calcium---1 cup • Macaroni and Cheese---1/2 cup • American Cheese-----2 ounces

36. Milk’s Package of Nutrients

37. What Kind of Milk is Best??? • Whole, Low-Fat, Fat-Free, and Chocolate Milk • All have 300mg of Calcium per 8 oz. glass • Each has a different amount of fat

38. Sources of Iron • Enriched and whole grain breads • Lean meats • Cereals • Spinach • Cooked dry beans • Shellfish

39. Choose a Variety of Grains Daily!! • Especially Whole grains— • Brown Rice • Oatmeal • Popcorn • Whole Wheat • Enriched grains are a new source of folic acid

40. Choose a Variety of Fruits and Vegetables Daily!! • Provides: • Vitamins • Minerals • Fiber

41. Which Fruits and VegetablesProvides the Most Nutrients? • Vitamin A—orange vegetables, dark leafy green, orange fruits, tomatoes • Vitamin C—Citrus fruits, broccoli, peppers, leafy greens, potatoes

42. Nutrients in Fruits and Vegetables • Folate: • Cooked dry beans and peas, peanuts • Oranges and orange juice • Dark-green leafy vegetables, green peas • Potassium: • Baked white or sweet potato • Bananas, apricots, prunes, orange juice, dry beans

43. Apple Mania? List the names of all the kinds of apples that you Remember!!!!

44. F Many Children Flunk Healthy Eating!!! • <15% school children eat recommended servings of fruit • 30% consume recommended milk group servings • Only 2% meet all recommendations of the Food Guide Pyramid

45. Choose Sensibly!!!! • Diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol • Moderate intake of sugars • Prepare foods with less salt

46. Know the Different Types of Fats!! • Saturated Fats • Unsaturated Fats • Cholesterol

47. Food Choices Low in Saturated Fat and Cholesterol • Select vegetable oils • Choose lean meats • Limit intake of high-fat processed meats • Use egg yolks and whole eggs in moderation • Select low-fat dairy products

48. Three Steps to Healthy School Meals

49. Choose Beverages and Foods to Moderate Intake of Sugars~~ • Carbohydrates— simple sugars complex (starches and dietary fiber) • Sugars can promote tooth decay— • Bacteria • Lack of exposure to Fluoride

50. Added Sugars!!!!! In the US, the #1 source of added sugar(s) is…... NON-DIET SOFT DRINKS How much sugar is in one 12 oz regular soft drink???? Answer: 9 teaspoons