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Arthropods

Discover the captivating world of arthropods through this comprehensive guide to entomology and zoological nomenclature. Learn about the diverse classification of insects, their characteristics, and the taxonomy of different animal phyla. Explore the fascinating groups of chelicerates and mandibulates, uncovering the unique features of arachnids, spiders, and myriapods. Delve into the anatomy of scorpions, ticks, mites, and more, gaining insights into the intricate structures of these fascinating creatures. From millipedes and centipedes to crustaceans like crabs and lobsters, embark on a journey to unravel the mysteries of the arthropod world.

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Arthropods

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  1. Arthropods

  2. What is Entomology? The study of insects (and their near relatives). What are insects (and near relatives)? Insects and their relatives are ARTHROPODS.

  3. Review of Zoological Nomenclature (classifying & naming) Taxonomic Categories Phylum Class Order Family Genus Genus & species

  4. Review of Zoological Nomenclature Taxonomic Categories Kingdom -Animalae Phylum -Arthropoda Class -Insecta Order -Coleoptera Family -Scarabaeidae Genus -Popillia Genus & species Popillia japonicaNewman

  5. Characteristics of the Phylum Arthropoda • The segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen). • The paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed. • They posses a chitinous exoskeletion that must be shed during growth. • They have bilateral symmetry. • The nervous system is dorsal (back) and the circulatory system is open and ventral (belly).

  6. What are some other Animal Phyla? • Porifera & Cnidaria – sponges & corals. • Platyhelminthes - flatworms, tapeworms • Nematoda - roundworms • Mollusca - clams, snails & slugs, squids • Echinodermata - starfish, sea urchins • Annelida - segmented worms (earthworms) • Chordata - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

  7. Arthropod Groups (taxa) The arthropods are divided into two large groups that exist today: Chelicerates and Mandibulates

  8. Chelicerate Arthropod Characters: • Pincher-like mouthparts - chelicerae - and pedipalps • NO antennae • Two body regions, usually - cephalothorax & abdomen • Four pairs of legs • Horseshoe crabs and arachnids are only living groups

  9. Mandibulate Arthropod Characters: • Mouthparts are mandibles - normally chewing sideways • One or two pairs of antennae • Various body region arrangements - cephalothorax & abdomen / head & trunk / head, thorax & abdomen • Variable leg numbers • Insects, crustaceans & myriapods

  10. Orders of Arachnids • Scorpions • Pseudoscorpions • Daddy Long-Legs • Mites & Ticks • Spiders

  11. Pseudoscorpion Tick (a mite) Scorpion Wolf Spider Daddy-long-legs

  12. Scorpion Anatomy

  13. chelicerae eyes pedipalp

  14. Pseudoscorpion

  15. Mite and Tick Body Regions pedipalps & chelicerae cephalothorax abdomen

  16. American dog tick male Blacklegged (deer) tick female

  17. American dog tick female laying egg mass (1000-2000 eggs!).

  18. Clover mites Twospotted spider mites Predatory mite

  19. daddy long-legs cephalothorax abdomen

  20. Spider Anatomy pedipalp chelicera (fang) cephalothorax narrow waist abdomen

  21. Abdomen Cephalothorax Chelicera (fang) Pedipalp Jumping Spider

  22. Wolf spider with egg case Spitting spider Orb-weaving spider Tarantula

  23. Black widow with egg case Brown recluse

  24. Classes of Myriapods (many legged arthropods) (all have one pair of antennae, a head region, and trunk with many pairs of legs, use trachea) • Diplopoda - millipedes • Chilopoda - centipedes

  25. Myriapods [one pair of antennae, head & trunk regions, trunk with many pairs of legs] Millipede (Diplopoda) Two pair of legs per visible segment, attached under body. Centipede (Chilopoda) Pair of fangs under head, one pair legs per visible segment - attached to side of body. No fangs, no eyes, legs attached to side of body.

  26. Millipede (Diplopoda) Centipede (Chilopoda) Garden centipede

  27. Classes of Crustacea • mostly marine, fresh water, a few terrestrial • all have two pair of antennae • five or more pairs of legs • segmented abdominal appendages • head & trunk or cephalothorax & abdomen body arrangement • have gills • Sowbugs or pillbugs • Sand fleas • Barnacles • Crabs, lobster, shrimp

  28. Crayfish cephalothorax (Decapoda) Sowbug (Isopoda), a terrestrial crustacean

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