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Ch. 2 Part 1

Ch. 2 Part 1. Chemical Level of Organization. Chemistry Review. You should already know this! If you don’t, make notes. What are: atoms nucleus p rotons neutrons electrons energy levels a tomic number mass number molecule c ompound cation anion

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Ch. 2 Part 1

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  1. Ch. 2Part 1 Chemical Level of Organization

  2. Chemistry Review • You should already know this!If you don’t, make notes. • What are: atoms nucleusprotons neutrons electrons energy levels atomic number mass number molecule compoundcation anion ionic bond covalent bond chemical reaction reactants products

  3. Atoms • Atoms – smallest units of matter • Have a nucleus – center • Protons – positive, live in nucleus • Neutrons – neutral, live in nucleus • Electrons – negative, live in energy levels

  4. Periodic Table

  5. Periodic Table • Atomic number – big number on periodic table, tells the number of protons • Mass number – small number on periodic table, tells the number of protons + neutrons • IN A NEUTRAL ATOM – the number of protons = the number of electrons • Practice • Neon, gallium, zirconium, chlorine

  6. Compounds vs. Molecules • Compound – contains 2 or more different elements • Examples – H2O, NaCl, MgCl2 • Molecules – contains 2 or more atoms that share electrons • Examples, H2O, O2

  7. Bonding • 2 Types – ionic and covalent • Ionic bonds – occur between ions, atoms give/take electrons • Covalent bonds – occur between atoms, atoms share electrons

  8. Ionic Bonds • Ions give or take electrons • Cations - + ions • Anions – ions • When put together properly, compound should be neutral • Practice: sodium and chlorine • Na is a cation (Na+), chlorine is an anion (Cl-) • NaCl

  9. Covalent Bonds • Atoms share electrons • Must meet the octet rule – each atom must have 8 electrons • Use Lewis structures for help • We will not worry about bonding angles or shape

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