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Genesis II: Easy-to-use, Standards Based Grid Middleware

“Open Source, OGSA Implementation”. Genesis II: Easy-to-use, Standards Based Grid Middleware. Andrew Grimshaw Genesis II Team University of Virginia. Outline. Background Standards Genesis II Demo Conclusion. Background. Specifications cannot exist in vacuum

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Genesis II: Easy-to-use, Standards Based Grid Middleware

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  1. “Open Source, OGSA Implementation” Genesis II:Easy-to-use, Standards Based Grid Middleware Andrew Grimshaw Genesis II Team University of Virginia Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  2. Outline • Background • Standards • Genesis II • Demo • Conclusion Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  3. Background • Specifications cannot exist in vacuum • Implementations vet Specifications • Implementation experience shows how spec’s interact • Grids have been around for a while, but adoption remains low – why? • Usability • Gap between grid designers and grid users Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  4. Why have Grids failed to cross the chasm? • Applications programmers are exposed to the complexity of the underlying environment • Failures, data/application management, logging, … • Only the enthusiasts want to live on the bleeding edge • Joe six-pack (biologist | chemist | economist | *) just wants to do their domain research – not do heavy duty hacking • “Activation energy” is too high • Once they have spent the effort to port there is little leverage – applications written for one software stack will not work on other stacks – often they will not even work on different versions of the same software stack • They must suffer the pain all over again • Business needs solutions not technology • HTC solutions (e.g., SGE, LSF, Condor) are easy to use – but not really needed cross-site. • Data sharing solutions are primitive and do not integrate well with the existing infrastructure Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  5. Genesis II • Users FIRST! • Design the system from the ground up with the overriding mantra that users come first! • Users don’t want to know about grids • Provide a secure, cohesive system in a production system available to users today! • Provide an open source, reference implementation of the OGSA and OGSA-related specifications • Use standards and proto-standards available from the OGF and OGSA to • Provide feedback into the OGF process on various standards based on implementation experience Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  6. Outline • Background • Standards • Genesis II • Demo • Next Steps Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  7. Standards Represented in Genesis II Shibboleth OGF WS-Addressing WSDL OGSA JSDL WS-Naming ByteIO And Others! SOAP BES RNS WS-Security XACML SAML Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  8. RNS • Basic directory service maps strings to EPRs. • Similar to Unix directories (EPR instead of inode) • Can “point” to anything that has an EPR. Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  9. Pathnames traverse the graph/usr/bin/gcc / usr hosts RNS Directory bin A B C Resource gcc Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  10. OGSA-ByteIO Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  11. ByteIO Properties Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  12. JSDL – Job Submission Description Langauge • XML based - extensible • Widely adopted • Five sections • Job structure • Job Identity • Job application • Job resource • Job data staging • Not intended for human consumption Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  13. Example JSDL <JobDefinition><JobDescription> <Application><POSIXApplication> <Executable>gnomad</Executable> <Argument>ribo</Argument> </POSIXApplication></Application> <DataStaging> <FileName>ribo.d</FileName> <CreationFlag>overwrite</CreationFlag><DeleteOnTerminate>true</DeleteOnTerminate> <Source><URI>rns:/home/mmm2a/data/ribo.567.x</URI></Source> </DataStaging> <DataStaging> <FileName>tmapfinal</FileName> <CreationFlag>overwrite</CreationFlag><DeleteOnTerminate>true</DeleteOnTerminate> <Target><URI>rns:/home/mmm2a/res/final.567</URI></Source> </DataStaging> </JobDescription></JobDefinition> Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  14. OGSA-BESBasic Execution Service • Service interface for starting and managing remote compute jobs • JSDL as the job specification language • Implementation is not specified • Queue • Fork/exec • Virtualize • Etc. • Emphasis on Basic • Comes together in the HPC-BP Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  15. WSI-BSP – Basic Security Profile • Most widely used WS security profile. • Specifies many things, including how and where identity tokens are passed, their schema, and what they should be called. • We support username/password, X.509, and SAML. Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  16. WS-SecureAddressing • A profile on WS-Addressing and WS-SecurityPolicy • Embeds specified URI’s in EPR metadata that correspond to profiled security policies • Tells client the security policy of the refereced endpoint • Embeds public key into EPR so that the client can communicate securely with the endpoint. Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  17. WS-Naming • Profile on WS-Addressing EPR • Two components • Endpoint Identifiers • Endpoint Resolution • Dynamic rebinding to support traditional distributed system transparencies: migration, failure, replication, etc. Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  18. Outline • Background • Standards • Genesis II • Demo • Conclusion Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  19. Goals • Provide an easy-to-use production Grid system with compute and data Grid capabilities to various partner groups and research projects, • Provide a fully functional Grid framework on which further Grid research could be performed, • To “test drive” the various specifications making their way through various standardization organizations to both vet and better understand those specifications, both in isolation, and together as a whole. Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  20. Genesis II Features • Ease-of-use – focus on user experience • Standards based – both WS and OGF • Data and compute grid • Open Source – Java/Apache Axis • Robust • Secure Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  21. User’s First • A large percentage of a grid’s target audience is unable or unwilling to learn new interaction abstractions • Instead of asking the user to adapt to the grid, we should adapt the grid to the user Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  22. User Abstractions • One of the most ubiquitous user interaction abstractions is the file system • Drag-and-drop • Double Click • /proc filesystem • Named pipes • RNS, ByteIO, and WS-Naming provide the foundation for building these abstractions Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  23. (Most) everything is a file or directory • Files and directories can be accessed without knowing anything about Grids, Web Services, or anything thanks to FUSE/IFS • FUSE/IFS map the Grid into the file system • BES resources, queues are directories • “ls” to list the jobs, “cat” a job to see its state • “cp” a JSDL file into the directory -> start the job up • A shell script can start jobs by copying • Genesis II containers are directories • “ls” to see the services and porttypes • IDP are files/directories • IS’s are directories • “cp” a query file to IS, creates result • RDBMS’s will be directories • The user can access all of these services without dealing with Web Services!! Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  24. Genesis II - Data • Grid shell • Usual commands, ls, cat, etc. • FTPd for Windows • FUSE for Linux • IFS for Windows • ExportDir tool • Replicated ExportDir Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  25. Why FUSE? • FUSE is a per-user proxy to the Grid • Permissions and access based on the user’s credentials • FUSE maps Grid name space (RNS) into local operating system. • The Grid looks like a local file system. Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  26. Genesis II - Compute • Grid shell • Run, qsub, qdel, • BES resources mapped into the file system • All BES resources implement HPC-BP and HPC-FSE • Genesis queues are workload managers • Both BES containers and queues support the RNS interface • Applications can be run by copying JSDL files into containers • JSDL tool • Application Management Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  27. Genesis II - Security • WSI-BSP • SSL/TLS and identity token(s) in SOAP header • Authentication via • X.509 based • Uses existing credential infrastructure • Signed SAML assertions (groups realized this way) • Username/token • “login” consists of specifying cert file or authenticating to a WS-Trust STS • Message integrity via both transport and message level encryption and signing (configurable) • Authorization via plug-able module • Currently using access control lists Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  28. Demonstration • ssh onto Linux machine back home • Windows interface from this machine in Catania • Connected to XCG – Cross Campus Grid Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  29. Steps • Grid shell • Ls /, /bes-containers, /groups, • Login & cd /home/grimshaw • ls, ls –epr, • Fuse mount • In Linux, ls grid, cd home/grimshaw • Ls gnomad, pictures, WorkPC • Gnomad demo, pictures demo, • JSDL tool • ls around in the queues • drop a bunch of jobs into a queue • Cd grid/queues, ls around • ExportDirTool from my desktop Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

  30. Genesis IITake-away messages • Sufficient body of standards exist with which to build interesting, useful grid systems • Available under Apache 2 licenses • Very active project! • Information and Download Page • http://vcgr.cs.virginia.edu/genesisII • Forum • http://www.cs.virginia.edu/forums/viewforum.php?f=26 Genesis II “Open Source, OGSA Implementation”

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