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INTRODUCTION TO TIMBER HARVESTING SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT

Harvest Systems. Method and equipment used to cut timber and bring it roadside. -involves more than one piece of machinerySystem used depends uponType of silvicultural operation -clearcut, overstory removal, thinning, etc)Size of timber. Harvest Systems. Method and equipment used to cut timber and bring it roadside. -involves >one piece of machinerySystem used depends uponTerrain -steep, flat, rocky, wet, etcAcceptable amount of stand damageLandowners obj32206

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INTRODUCTION TO TIMBER HARVESTING SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT

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    1. INTRODUCTION TO TIMBER HARVESTING SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT

    2. Harvest Systems Method and equipment used to cut timber and bring it roadside. -involves more than one piece of machinery System used depends upon Type of silvicultural operation -clearcut, overstory removal, thinning, etc) Size of timber

    3. Harvest Systems Method and equipment used to cut timber and bring it roadside. -involves >one piece of machinery System used depends upon Terrain -steep, flat, rocky, wet, etc Acceptable amount of stand damage Landowners objective Financial constraints

    4. Types of Harvest Systems Conventional -chainsaw, cable skidder Mechanical -harvester, grapple skidder, delimber Cut-to-length -Processor, forwarder Horse/oxen High Lead Helicopter

    5. Harvest Systems What is covered today: Basic information on each piece of equipment What is not covered: In-depth discussion of equipment Production levels Costs Silvicultural systems WHY? THAT’S YOUR JOB

    6. First type of Skidder (1950’s) Replaced horse Variety of sizes but similar in design Used in conjunction with chainsaw or feller buncher Use on decline in Maine?

    7. OSHA requirement Roll cage/screen protects from debris and rollovers Some protection from elements Lights

    8. Winch – Winds/pulls cable and chokers for pulling/skidding logs Arch –supports logs above ground Reduces resistance, ground disturbance, damage to log

    10. Grapple Skidder Larger/more powerful than cable skidder More production Work in conjunction with feller-buncher -wood is bunched by feller-buncher Operator remains in cab Air conditioned/ heated cab/radio Duel arch increases reach/maneuverability Greater soil compaction/stand damage

    12. Grapple skidder pulling hitch

    14. Feller-Bunchers (Harvesters) Work in conjunction with grapple skidders (sometimes cable skidders) Fells, holds, lifts and piles trees in/near skid trail Can harvest trees 20+ feet away if equipped with boom Two Types Wheeled feller-buncher Tracked feller-buncher More productive/safer than hand felling Less stand damage (with good operator) Cut small wood feasibly

    15. Wheeled Feller-Buncher

    16. Three-Wheeled Feller-Buncher

    17. Wheeled Feller-Bunchers Advantages: Maneuverability Speed Disadvantages: Suitable only for dry, level ground Damages advanced regeneration Soil compaction/disturbance

    18. Tracked Feller-Bunchers Most common in NE Advantages: Do not have to drive up to every tree Less damage to regeneration Less soil compaction (greater wt dispersal) Can work on steep terrain (especially self-leveling) Greater stability Disadvantages: Greater cost

    19. Feller-Buncher

    20. Tracked Feller-Buncher

    22. Circular Saw Head

    24. Boom-Delimber Delimbs wood at landing Works in conjunction with harvester and grapple skidder

    28. Pull-Through Delimber Works in conjunction with loader Low production (conventional logging systems) Primarily softwoods

    29. Cut-to-Length System Processor - fells, delimbs, bucks, and scales wood at the stump.

    31. Processor Head

    35. 4WD Forwarder

    37. Cut-to-Length System Advantages Significantly reduces forest impact Slash remains in forest -No concern over nutrient depletion Slash placed directly in trail creating a bed that forwarder travels over -significantly reduces soil compaction Wood carried in bunks, not dragged on ground -less damage to regeneration/residual stand -cleaner wood

    38. Cut-to-Length System Advantages Less space needed for landing Less equipment needed -wood loaded by forwarder or by self-loading truck Less manpower

    39. Cut-to-Length System Disadvantages Very costly ($600,000+) Less production -slower than harvester-grapple Processor has complex hydraulics/electronics Restricted to softwoods stands or small hardwoods

    40. Budworm salvage during 80’s No longer in use in Maine Clearcutting only

    41. Knuckle Boom Loader Uses Load trucks Sorts wood on landing Slashing wood (slasher) Delimbing tree (pull through delimber)

    43. Loader

    44. Loader

    45. Saws trees into product at landing Works in conjunction with loader Circular saw -high production - does not require frequent sharpening Bar saw -inexpensive -chain dulls frequently -low production Slasher

    46. Buck Plate

    47. Loader and Slasher Pull-through delimber

    48. Whole Tree Chipper

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