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The Southern Agrarian Revolt

The Southern Agrarian Revolt. Introduction (first 2 paragraphs ). The Southern Agrarian Revolt. Demand for rice & tobacco i ncreased in Louisiana and Arkansas. Cotton production dominated t he South between 1877-1900. Railroads opened new areas for

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The Southern Agrarian Revolt

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  1. The Southern Agrarian Revolt

  2. Introduction (first 2 paragraphs) The Southern Agrarian Revolt

  3. Demand for rice & tobacco increased in Louisiana and Arkansas. Cotton production dominated the South between 1877-1900 Railroads opened new areas for cotton production, but demand did not keep up, so PRICES FELL! Introduction (first 2 paragraphs) The Southern Agrarian Revolt So, after the Civil War, the South began to import food crops due to increased cotton production.

  4. Food crops made less profit than cotton and cotton could be used as collateral for loans to farmers. The Southern Agrarian Revolt Solution would have been to grow LESS cotton Cotton and Credit High debt, interest rates and low cotton prices caused farmers to lose farms Another solution was to diversify into other crops such as peach farming or cattle ranching. 1865 < 1/3 white farmers were tenants or sharecroppers. 1890s = ½ white farmers were. But cotton was easier to grow due to soil type, disease, frost, no machinery or Irrigation needed.

  5. The Southern Agrarian Revolt • Southern Farmers Organize • Generally, their goals were debt-stay laws, lower interest rates, regulate railroad freight rates and keep costs low. • National Grange of Patrons of Husbandry • Formed in 1875 with 250,000 farmers. • Leaders were large landowners who did not have the same interests as small farmers. • Agricultural Wheel • 1882 group of Arkansas farmers who attracted over 500,000 Southern farmers.

  6. The Southern Agrarian Revolt • Southern Farmers Organize • Agricultural Wheel • 1882 group of Arkansas farmers who attracted over 500,000 Southern farmers. • Wheelers pushed to buy equipment directly from manufacturers, ease credit, graduated income tax and printing of more paper money. • Southern Farmers’ Alliance • Formed in late 1870s in Texas grew • to be the MOST effective group. • In 1887, Wisconsin farmer Charles Macune enlarged the alliance into a national organization of over a million!

  7. The Southern Agrarian Revolt • Southern Farmers Organize • Southern Farmers’ Alliance • In 1887, Wisconsin farmer Charles Macune enlarged the alliance into a national organization of over a million! • Sold crops collectively as a group. • Acted as a Christian organization meeting in churches, requiring members to be Christian. • Sent lobbyists to push reform of public schools, held picnics and sponsored baseball games. • Strict morality required, no drinking or gambling allowed!

  8. The Southern Agrarian Revolt • Southern Farmers Organize • Southern Farmers’ Alliance • Proposed the “Subtreasury Plan” • Have the government store crops when prices were low, giving farmers loans of up to 80% of crops value until prices rose. • Plan failed to win support and the Alliance died out. • Colored Farmers’ Alliance • Formed in 1886 in Texas since the Alliance did not accept black members.

  9. The Southern Agrarian Revolt • Southern Farmers Organize • The Alliance realized it needed to reorganize itself into a POLITICAL PARTY in order to get laws passed to help farmers!! • Peoples Party (or Populist Party) • Created in 1892, they ran candidates • for elected office, NOT just supporting • Democrats or Republicans. • Platform included: • Direct election of senators • Income tax • Woman suffrage • Government ownership of RR’s • Easier credit for farmers ?

  10. The Southern Agrarian Revolt • Peoples Party (or Populist Party) • Platform included: • Direct election of senators • Income tax • Woman suffrage • Government ownership of RR’s • Easier credit for farmers • Populists were ambivalent about including blacks, fearing it might upset large bloc of white voters. • Some Populist leaders spoke to racially mixed audiences such as black leader John Rayner and Tom Watson.

  11. The Southern Agrarian Revolt • Peoples Party (or Populist Party) • The Election of 1892 • Lost as a distant third place! • After 1892, Populists only won a few governorships and state legislative offices. • They merged with the Democratic Party in 1896 and ceased to exist.

  12. Social Studies Strategies for Success: 1. Read and then re-read the chapter several times. 2. Take careful and thorough notes as you read. 3. Complete the graphic organizer/reading guide for each chapter. 4. Use the syllabus terms and objectives to review material. 5. Make note cards over the terms to study. 6. Take the online practice tests on my website under the textbook icon. 7. Read the chapter review and summary at the end of the chapter. 8. Take careful notes during class in addition to the reading notes/guide. 9. Consider a study group. 10. Dedicate a certain amount of time (45 minutes or more)each evening to study, and read over your notes, text and reading guide. Be sure you have a silent, quiet place in which to study free of distractions. 11. Review the class/reading notes from that day each night for at least 10-15 minutes. 12. Study for the test at least 3-4 nights ahead of time. 13. Define the terms and objectives on the syllabus (study guide/overview) on flashcards. …see more ideas on our class website under the “Home” tab…

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