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Discrimination and victimisation challenges for migrant integration

Discrimination and victimisation challenges for migrant integration ‘Integration is a dynamic, two-way process of mutual interaction requiring a greater commitment by the host community and immigrants’ Stockholm Programme. Policy background.

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Discrimination and victimisation challenges for migrant integration

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  1. Discrimination and victimisation challenges for migrant integration ‘Integration is a dynamic, two-way process of mutual interaction requiring a greater commitment by the host community and immigrants’ Stockholm Programme

  2. Policy background • Conclusions of April 2010 EU ministerial conference on integration: “Ministers agreed to focus and explore the key aspects of integration as a driver for development and social cohesion by incorporating integration issues in a comprehensive way in all relevant policy fields and by giving particular attention to the following areas: Employment, education and intercultural dialogue”

  3. Policy background • Stockholm Programme: “The EU must ensure fair treatment of third country nationals who reside legally on the territory of its Member States. A more vigorous integration policy should aim at granting them rights and obligations comparable to those of EU citizens. This should remain an objective of a common immigration policy and should be implemented as soon as possible, and no later than 2014.”

  4. Rights based approach • Rights – holders duty bearers • Traditional focus on ‘duty bearers’ in treaty monitoring (legislation, policies) • FRA: socio-legal approach examines both the legal and policy situation and rights holders’ experiences, perceptions and views to establish “how rights are fulfilled in practice on the ground” • This is done through massive EU-wide surveys

  5. EU-MIDIS • First EU-wide survey on immigrants experiences of discrimination, criminal victimisation and policing • 23,500 migrant/ethnic minority respondents • Different groups surveyed across Member States: • Roma • Sub-Saharan Africans • Central and Eastern Europeans • Turkish • Former Yugoslavians • North Africans • Russian • 5,000 majority population respondents in 10 MS

  6. The research • Largest minority groups (up to 3) surveyed in each MS • Self-identified migrant/minority background • Respondents: age 16+, in MS at least 1 year • Random sample of 500 – 1,500 respondents in each MS • Face-to-face interviews 20 to 60 minutes in homes • Fieldwork: From May – mid July + Nov 2008

  7. The issues Victimisation Experiences and Reporting Property crime Assault and threat Serious harassment Corruption Police stops/contact Border stops Respondent Variables Discrimination Experiences and Reporting Employment Education Housing Health + social services Consumer services General perceptions on discrimination in MS Rights awareness – complaints

  8. The findings • Average one in three respondents experienced at least one incident of discrimination in the past year • Mostly in employment and in services • Lack of awareness about legislation and services providing redress, support and advice - ‘accesstojustice’ • Main reason for not reporting discrimination or crime is that “nothing would happen or change” – one in three didn’t know how to go about reporting or where to report • Racial discrimination and racist crime are severely undercounted in official statistics

  9. The results Ten groups with the highest discrimination rates all areas (%)

  10. The results Ten groups with the highest share of not reporting discrimination (%)

  11. The results Reasons for not reporting discrimination – top 5, all domains (%)

  12. The results Awareness of any anti-discrimination laws (%)

  13. The results Awareness of an organisation where a complaint can be made (%)

  14. The results Groups with highest rate of racist crime victimisation - assault, threat or serious harassment (%)

  15. The results Reasons for not reporting to the police (%)

  16. The results Groups with the highest perception of police stopping them because of their immigrant or ethnic minority background (%)

  17. The results Groups with the rate of discrimination by school personnel – as a student or as a parent, in the past 12 months (%)

  18. The results Ten groups with the highest rate of discrimination by school personnel – as a student or as a parent, in the past 12 months (%)

  19. The results Reasons for not reporting discrimination by school personnel – top 5 reasons (%)

  20. Considerations • What is the actual impact of integration policies? • Do existing social policies have a strong commitment to non-discrimination, equality and social cohesion? Do they reach those who experience most discrimination? Do they target areas where most discrimination occurs? • Are actions to raise rights awareness effective? • Are Equality Bodies well resourced to be effective? • How can a public service cultureamong law enforcement be promoted to encourage reporting to the police?

  21. Thank you for your attention fra.europa.eu/eu-midis

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