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Taxonomy:

Taxonomy: . Classification of Organisms Meridith McConnell. How are vehicles classified?. Retrieved November 6, 2012 from: http :// o.aolcdn.com /commerce/images/ mercedes_11eclasscoupe_angularfront_Regular.jpg

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Taxonomy:

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  1. Taxonomy: Classification of Organisms Meridith McConnell

  2. How are vehicles classified? Retrieved November 6, 2012 from: http://o.aolcdn.com/commerce/images/mercedes_11eclasscoupe_angularfront_Regular.jpg Retrieved November 6, 2012 from: http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTIg1DsLISn7HK76i5p5CtpFIEddog5eflUh_Tu0SMmUyE9Fr7bPlRLXHHM Retrieved November 6, 2012 from: http://images.dealer.com/autodata/us/320/color/2012/USC20TOC251A0/8T7.jpg Retrieved November 6, 2012 from: http://paris-airport-shuttle.discoverfrance.net/Images/Fleet/VW_Transporter/minivan_turq_3q_view-lg.jpg Retrieved November 6, 2012 from: http://www.kimballstock.com/pix/AUT/14/AUT-14-IZ0133-01P.JPG Retrieved November 6, 2012 from: http://www.kucuu.com/thumb/918cb7f54bd9fe7c9e8cc31c74dadf68.jpg

  3. Brand: Chevrolet Make: Silverado Model: 2500hd Color: White Just as cars are classified based on their brand, make, model, and color; plants and animals are classified into different categories based on similarities of structure and evolutionary history. Retrieved November 6, 2012 from: http://www.kimballstock.com/pix/AUT/14/AUT-14-IZ0133-01P.JPG

  4. A systematic method of classifying plants and animals. Classification of organisms based on degrees of similarity supposedly representing evolutionary (phylogenetic) relatedness. What is Taxonomy?

  5. Importance of Taxonomic System • Taxonomy creates a vivid picture of the existing organic diversity on earth. • Taxonomy provides information that enables scientists to make a reconstruction of the phylogeny of life. • Taxonomy divulges numerous evolutionary phenomena. • Taxonomy supplies classifications which lead to explain branches of biology and paleontology.

  6. Past & Present: Organisms were first classified over 2000 years ago by the Greek philosopher, Aristotle. He grouped animals into land, water, and air dwellers. He also grouped plants into three categories. These were based on different stems.
This classification system became insufficient over time as many new species were discovered. Common names were no longer effective either because these differed between different locations. (oak tree, goldfish) Biologists then developed the biological classification system to name, organize, and categorize organisms. The new classification system is now strongly based on common descent through DNA analysis rather than solely physical similarities of plants and animals.

  7. Categories of Taxonomy 1. Domain 2. Kingdom 3. Phylum 4. Class 5. Order 6. Family 7. Genus 8. Species Domain was not originally a part of the system, but once scientists discovered that bacteria consist of two distinctly related groups, an 8th taxonomic rank was added to the top of the hierarchy- domain. Retrieved November 7, 2012 from: http://staff.slcschools.org/jsnow/Labs/Classification%20Lab/KindomtoSpecies.jpg

  8. Taxonomy Song!!!!!! CLICK HERE! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnF_UdPbJZ0 Retrieved November 7, 2012 from: http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTtzS7Ykv8romoeYqVFO78p51fRIz_ivywh7dFCUnPSDxJuc0_rJg

  9. Mnemonic =Domain =Kingdom =Phylum =Class =Order =Family =Genus =Species Did King Philip Come Over For Great Spaghetti? Make your own mnemonic & share with the class! Retrieved November 7, 2012 from: http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcStUGGM6A4zpDe9XdIYi5YPTQrwXChoO9OE7t1jckDACHcO3xMu Retrieved November 7, 2012 from: http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT3qsTkcIf39fQlexaQnJ91c2o7a6MoQVLkixdDJXxpg3p67mA9

  10. Quick Knowledge Check Activity • Get into groups of 2 • Given notecards with a different level of taxonomy written on each one, arrange the notecards in the correct taxonomic order without using any notes or your book. Retrieved November 7, 2012 from: http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRIdzSU5XEp7u0mFMMTAv8yvNLMOVzIZjCGOx1-pz4yhli-W189

  11. Things to Know: • Classification- The process of grouping things based on their similarities • Binomial nomenclature - System of naming organisms based on observable features (two names).  Created by Linnaeus • The 3 main characteristics used to classify organisms into domains and kingdoms are: - cell type - their ability to make food, - the number of cells in their bodies Review From Chapter on Cells: • Prokaryote - Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus • Eukaryote - Organisms with cells that contain a nuclei.

  12. Domain: Consists of Archaea, Eubacteria, and Eukarya Archaea’s Kingdom: Archaebacteria Kingdom Eubacteria’s Kingdom: Eubacteria Kingdom Eukarya’s Kingdoms: Protista Kingdom
 Fungi Kingdom
 Plantae Kingdom
 Animalia Kingdom

  13. Archaebacteria Kingdom (under Archaea Domain) Eubacteria Kingdom (under Eubacteria Domain) Consists of Organisms: Methanogens, Halophiles, Thermophiles, Psychrophiles Cell Type:Prokaryotic Characteristics: Cell Structures: Cell walls WITHOUT peptidoglycans Number of Cells: Unicellular Mode of Nutrition: Autotroph or heterotroph Consists of Organisms: Bacteria, Cyanobacteria(blue-green algae), Actinobacteria Cell Type: Prokaryotic Characteristics: Cell Structures: Cell walls WITH peptidoglycans Number of Cells: unicellular Mode of Nutrition: Autotroph or heterotroph

  14. Protista Kingdom (under Eukarya Domain) Fungi Kingdom (under Eukarya Domain) Organisms: Amoebae, green algae, brown algae, diatoms, euglena, slime molds Cell Type:Eukaryotic Characteristics: Cell Structures: Cell walls of CELLULOSE: some have chloroplasts Number of Cells: Most unicellular, some colonial or multicellular Mode of Nutrition: Autotroph or heterotroph Organisms: Mushrooms, yeast, molds Cell Type:Eukaryotic Characteristics: Cell Structures: Cell walls of CHITIN Number of Cells: some unicellular, MOST MULTICELLULAR Mode of Nutrition: Heterotroph

  15. Plantae Kingdom (under Eukarya Domain) Animalia Kingdom (under Eukarya Domain) Organisms:Mosses, angiosperms (flowering plants), gymnosperms, liverworts, ferns Cell Type:Eukaryotic Characteristics: Cell Structures: Cell walls with CELLULOSE; chloroplasts Number of Cells: MULTICELLULAR Mode of Nutrition: Autotroph Organisms: Mammals, amphibians, sponges, insects, worms Cell Type:Eukaryotic Characteristics: Cell Structures: NO Cell walls and NO CHLOROPLASTS Number of Cells: Multicellular Mode of Nutrition: Heterotroph

  16. CLICK HERE! Practice Makes Perfect Check out this flashcard website on kingdoms to practice what you just learned! Retrieved on November 7, 2012 from: http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRZs9QWVoXoDVw2WfTg-egy9rh5x_iOSlt1SwoW6YyQmLtT2xAM

  17. Retrieved on November 7, 2012 from: http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTcMiP5FKcjNPnr4oKjcNmNgC4VUXhYHvo5_2372jjN_diH1jxyIA Team Game! The List: AmoebaeChaetomium thermophileLiverwortsCholeraSpongesHalophilesGiant kelpAmoebaeBlack moldMushroomsE. coliDawsoniaHorses - Get into groups of 3.- Correctly group the following organisms together based on similarities, differences, and your new knowledge of kingdom classifications?- You may use your internet on your cell phone to look up unfamiliar organisms.**The first team to group the organisms correctly gets a PRIZE!!!!**

  18. Pop Quiz*You may use your notes to help _______ is the process of grouping things based on their similarities. _______ is the scientific study of how living things are classified.  _______(same word) & evolution are closely related. _______ is the system of naming organisms based on observable features (two names).  Created by Linnaeus. _______ are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus. _______ are organisms with cells that contain a nuclei. Why do biologists organize living things into groups? Name the 8 levels of classification in correct order. Name each of the domains into which organisms are classified. What are the 3 characteristics are used to classify organisms into domains and kingdoms? Bonus: What do the levels of classification indicate about the relationship between organisms?

  19. Grade Neighbor’s Quiz Classification Taxonomy, Taxonomy Binomial Nomenclature Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Biologists use classification to organize living things into groups so that organisms are easier to study. Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species cell type, their ability to make food, the number of cells in their bodies. Eubacteria, Achaea, Eukarya (protist, fungi, plants, animals) *Bonus: The more classification levels that two organisms share, the more characteristics they have in common.

  20. References

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