SlideServe
Télécharger Obtenir Pro
Menu
Accueil Pro
Préférences
ApparenceLight Aide et commentaires
© SlideServe · v2026

Exploring Metaphysics: The Nature of Reality and Existence

crockerr avatar
crockerr
14 diapositives · 1.6K Views · Jan 03, 2020

This overview of metaphysics delves into fundamental questions about existence, reality, and the nature of being. It addresses profound inquiries such as "What is reality?" and "Why is there something rather than nothing?" The piece discusses foundational principles like the principle of non-contradiction and sufficient reason, while exploring various theories, including realism, idealism, and dualism. Engaging discussion questions encourage deep reflection on personal beliefs regarding the nature of existence and the mind-body relationship.

#exploring metaphysics: the nature of reality and existence #exploring metaphysics: the nature of reality and existence ppt #powerpoint #presentation
Exploring Metaphysics: The Nature of Reality and Existence - slide 1
01 / 14Exploring Metaphysics: The Nature of Reality and Existence
1 / 17

Télécharger la présentation

Exploring Metaphysics: The Nature of Reality and Existence
Une image / un lien ci-dessous est fourni (tel quel) pour télécharger la présentation

Politique de téléchargement : le contenu du site vous est fourni TEL QUEL pour votre information et votre usage personnel ; il ne peut être vendu, concédé sous licence ni partagé sur d’autres sites sans l’accord de son auteur.Le contenu vous est fourni TEL QUEL, pour votre information et votre usage personnel uniquement. Téléchargez la présentation en cliquant sur ce lien. Lors du téléchargement, si vous ne parvenez pas à télécharger une présentation, l’éditeur a peut-être supprimé le fichier de son serveur.Pendant le téléchargement, si vous ne parvenez pas à obtenir une présentation, le fichier a peut-être été supprimé par l’éditeur.

F I N

Plus de contenu associé

Transcription de la présentation

  1. Metaphysics The study of the nature of reality

  2. PoPeye Studies Descartes

  3. Metaphysical Questions • What is reality? • Why is there something and not nothing? • What is a being? • What is a person? • Am I free? • Is there a supreme being?

  4. Metaphysical Questions • Who am I? • Why am I here? • Where did I come from? • Where am I going?

  5. Definitions • Metaphysics: the philosophy of being which seeks to answer questions about existence. • Metaphysics: study of questions about the world left unanswered by the natural sciences, such as those regarding First Causes; Laws of the Universe; Mind/Body; Freedom/Determinism. • First used by Aristotle who wrote first his Physics (concerning the physical world) and the Metaphysics (beyond the physical world).

  6. 2 Foundational Principles • Principle of non-contradiction - no real being can both be and not be at the same time and in the same respect. • Principle of sufficient reason: every being has the sufficient reason for existence in itself or in another. It is not possible for something to be its own cause (otherwise it would violate the Principle of non-contradiction). Every being that does not possess the sufficient reason for its own existence in itself must have an efficient cause (necessarily extrinsic to itself).

  7. Theories • Common Sense Realism • What people perceive under ordinary conditions is reality.

  8. Theories • Idealism • George Berkeley 18th Century • Denies existence of material things • Reality is ideas and the minds that hold these ideas • “Esse est percipi” (“to be is to be perceived”) • Objects are ideas that God placed in humans

  9. Theories • Platonic Realism • Reality is ideal forms or ideas that are timeless, unchanging, immaterial, and more perfect than the world of changeable things • Forms in the World of Being __________________________ • Things in the World of Becoming

  10. Theories • Materialism or Physicalism • Pre-Socratic Philosophers • Everything is physical; Reality consists of matter. • Matter – particles in motion and forces like gravity.

  11. Theories • Monism • Reality is one all encompassing thing • All particular things are expressions of this one thing • Things can be material or mental • Baruch Spinoza argued it could also be divine • String Theory – everything is composed of one-dimensional strings of energy Materialism and Idealism are Monists Theories

  12. Theories • Dualism • Descartes • Reality consists of two things: Mind and Matter • Interactionism is a common version of dualism • Mind and Body co-exist as separate entities

  13. Materialism versus Dualism • Materialism • Man is simply an animal, and brains are simply chemical systems • No soul • Humans are like computers. • Dualism • Mental is separate from Physical • Mind and Soul can pre-exist the body and survive bodily death • Dualists believe in the afterlife, and the paranormal

  14. Discussion Questions • What do you think is really real? • What is ultimate reality? • Why is there something rather than nothing? • Are you a materialist or a dualist? • Where did we come from? • Why are we here? • Where are we going? • Do we have a mind distinct from the body? Or is the mind simply brain states? • Are we free?