Role of universities in ITS research January 15 2010 Peter Sweatman sweatman@umich

1. Role of universities in ITS researchJanuary 15 2010Peter Sweatman sweatman@umich.edu David Kapp

2. University role in ITS research • Current university role is subsidiary • Universities can assist ITS to be more transformative • Where will the transportation funding come from? • Universities are safety leaders and safety must go global • Large sectors beyond “transportation” are interested in ITS; universities already have multiple interests

3. Current University role is significant, yet subsidiary a) Innovation and development b) Demonstration and evaluation c) Policy and standards d) Deployment Universities have the capability to cover a) through c) at least Driver attention, response, behavior and attitudes are critical – major current university role – major data resources with minimal analysis Developing technologies and materials eg. wireless, cellular, sensors, intelligent materials Vehicle design and performance Infrastructure design, performance and maintenance Highway operations and traffic modeling

4. Video Data visualization

5. IVBSS Scope and Purpose • A 5 year effort to develop and field test integrated safety systems for passenger vehicles and heavy trucks • Safety systems will provide warnings for rear-end, lane change and road departure crashes in addition to arbitration of multiple crash threats • Forward crash warning, lane departure warning, lane change/merge warning, curve speed warning • Includes a one-year field test on public roads to determine system performance, safety benefits, and user acceptance

6. Light Vehicle Sensor Coverage Lane-change/Merge (LCM) Radar Vision Lateral Drift Warning (LDW) Curve speed Warning (CSW) Forward Crash Warning (FCW)

7. Phase II – 27 months Phase I – 30 months Pilot Vehicles Prototype Vehicles Engineering Development Vehicles Extended Pilot FOT FOT Data Collection Nov 2005 Nov 2006 June 2008 Nov 2008 Feb 2009 August 2010 Timeline - Vehicle Deployment

8. ACAS FOT (GM/Delphi/UMTRI) RDCW FOT (UMTRI/Visteon) U.S. DOT Field Operational Tests Conducted by UMTRI Heavy Trucks - Rollover Light Vehicles – ACC ICC FOT RSA 480K mi, 23 drivers Light Vehicles – Forward Crash/ACC 131K mi, 108 drivers ACAS FOT 110K mi, 96 drivers Light Vehicles– Lane Departure/Curve Speed RDCW FOT 137K mi, 78 drivers Light Vehicles & Heavy Trucks – Multiple Systems Est. 750K mi150+ drivers IVBSS 1990 2010

9. Universities can assist ITS to be more transformative Is ITS transformative, supportive or a countermeasure? • Safe, secure, sustainable, resilient?? What are we transforming to? State DOTs, cities and counties need support – UTCs should play this role Universities engage students and develop systematic knowledge – really good at asking the right questions Modeling to speed up evaluation Driver acceptance and interface need upfront R&D – standards to be developed Driver behavior with increased automation

10. Resilience Ability to flourish in the face of adaptation, randomness, invasion, disruption, trauma, and environmental stress. Scott Page The Wisdom of Crowds 2009 SMART Summit

11. Transportation Resilience Complex systems analysis: 576 cases Scott Page

12. Four Questions Of What? To What? Through What? With What? Scott Page

13. Of What? Individual Access Economic Efficiency National Objectives Global Sustainability Scott Page

14. To What? Trauma: fire, accidents Events: sporting and cultural Innovations: electric cars, Segways Development: schools, housing, businesses, malls Economics: price of electricity, oil, natural gas Environment: weather, climate Scott Page www.husdal.com

15. Through What? Physical Infrastructure Management Governance Users Scott Page Chilan Ta, Kelly Pitera and Anne Goodchild

16. With What? Diversity: Multiple Paths Diversity: Multiple Responses Variation Adaptive Capacity Modularity Anticipation Scott Page

17. Modeling of IntelliDrive • Simulates the movements of individual vehicles • Simulates interactions with • Road geometry • Other vehicles • Traffic signals • Variable message signs • Incidents • Pedestrians • Offers an extensive application programming interface • Allows a wide array of new functionalities to be modeled • Allows overriding of driver behavior models

18. U.S. DOT VII Proof-of-Concept Testbed Novi Detroit

19. IntelliDrive System Modeling Concept Applications associated with the network or specific simulation objects Simulation of RSEs using VMS Beacons Data storage within link objects used a emulator of link-based database at a central server Snapshot generation to be performed by vehicles Snapshots to remain within vehicle until upload by an RSE

20. Where will the transportation funding come from? Funding in the “transportation domain” is reduced and focused on USDOT agenda VMT pricing and beyond is not included in current plans Innovative financing will be needed

21. Large sectors beyond “transportation” are interested in ITS The worlds of energy, emissions and security are interested in how the system operates Universities also engage in: Energy, emissions, security research Infrastructure health monitoring Multi-modal connectivity in cities Telecommunications displacing transportation - acessibility Universities engage these sectors and create centers for transformational change

22. VARIOUS SCALES (taxonomy) IT enhanced Multi-amenity hub Simple hub

23. DC Hub Network MAPPING (a big breakthrough) Ann Arbor survey: - most people asked for what’s already there

24. Automotive safety will go global Global safety standards – to include ITS?? Start with occupant protection, then crash avoidance Shifts in domination of world automotive manufacturing? Shifts in model norms – urban vehicles? Who sets the standards? Universities are established leaders in safety research

25. Universities can assist ITS to be more transformative • Human-centered standards for the technology • Modeling of benefits • Partnerships to assist the auto industry with global leadership in automotive safety standards, including ITS • Innovative funding needed in transportation sector – research in VMT pricing • Sharing costs by engaging the energy, emissions and security sectors Collaborations and discovery-innovation centers