Understanding Temperature Regulation in Organisms: Hot and Cold Adaptations

1. “Some Like it Hot” By Group 1 Nicki Werner, Liz Lewis, Molly Sant, Jazmyn Ferguson

2. Some Like it Hot • Best Internal Temperature for most organism is 20 to 40 degrees Celsius • Optimum- “the value or set of conditions, which results in the most favorable outcome” • Normal human body temp. is 37 degrees Celsius

3. Some Like it Hot • Most organisms can not survive in hot weather- hot temperatures change the shape of proteins • Proteins- molecules required for the survival, growth, and repair of all cells • When a protein loses it’s normal shape it can’t function. Ex. When an egg is heated, the clear molecules on the outside (albumin) change shape

4. Some Like it Hot • Usually cold temperatures do not destroy proteins- they slow the rate of chemical reactions • The rate of reactions determines the rate of energy use (metabolism) • Metabolism- The process by which organisms use energy • Slower metabolism reduces need for food (helps in hibernation) • 0°C or lower; ice crystals form and cause irreparable damage on the cells.

5. Example of a poikilotherm Group 2 Some like it hot Maggie, Carly, Emma, and Bergen

6. Vocabulary Terms • Cellular respiration – a chemical process that takes place in the cells of all organisms; where glucose and food molecules are broken down by chemical reactions that release energy; one of the main ways animals get energy • Poikilotherms– “cold-blooded” animals that include reptiles and fish • Homotherms – “warm-blooded” animals that include birds and mammals; can maintain a constant body temperature

7. Key Concepts • Most organisms can tolerate only a narrow range of temperatures • Because of this they either need to live in moderate climates or adapt - An example of adaptation is cellular respiration • Poikilotherms have more trouble surviving in extreme climates because they rely on the environment to keep a constant temperature

8. Some Like It HOT KeraBussey-Sims Gussie Frederici Ankita Kanakadandila

9. Key Concepts • Poikilotherms • Are animals that have bodies with temperatures that rise when it is warm and fall when it is cold • When it is to cold, they burry themselves in the soil • When it is hot, they lay in the shade • When it is cold, metabolism slows and they are less active • Homeotherm • Maintain a constant body temperature • Which is usually higher then the surrounding temperature • Homeotherm can live and work in temps below freezing • Heat always flows from warmer to cooler objects

10. Vocabulary Terms • Poililotherms • Any animal species whose internal body temperature changes based on the temperature of if its surrounding • Reptiles • Insects • Homeotherms • Any animal species that maintains a relatively constant body temperature, regardless of its surroundings • Mammals • Birds

11. Pictures Figure 1. Rattelsnake-Poikilotherms Figure 3. Flamingo- homeotherms Figure 2. Caterpillar-Poikilotherms

12. Humans and many other homeotherms Anjali Desai Caroline Murphy Elena Murawski

13. Key concepts • The human body regulates body temperature by making changes • People might get red or flushed if they get hot because the brain signals the blood to travel to the vessels near the skin • When the body is cold, it can shiver. This causes movement and will get the blood flowing in the body • Also when the body is cold, hair or feathers will stick up from the body to trap air.

14. Vocabulary Words • Homestasis- the maintenance of stability in a n organisms internal environment regardless of external changes. • Metabolic - the physical and chemical process in the body