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Chapter 5 Section 1 Sub-Saharan Africa

Chapter 5 Section 1 Sub-Saharan Africa. Big Idea. Anticipatory Set. How large is Africa?. About three times as large as the continental United States ( 11.67 million sq. miles). California Standards.

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Chapter 5 Section 1 Sub-Saharan Africa

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  1. Chapter 5 Section 1 Sub-Saharan Africa Big Idea

  2. Anticipatory Set How large is Africa? About three times as large as the continental United States( 11.67 million sq. miles)

  3. California Standards Social Studies Standard 7.4.1: Study the Niger River and the relationship of vegetation zones of forest, savannah, and desert to trade in gold, salt, food, and slaves; and the growth of the Ghana and Mali empires. Paraphrase: • SS 7.2.2: Study how the Niger River and vegetation zones of Sub-Saharan Africa affected trade.

  4. California Standards Reading Comprehension 2.3: Structural Features of Informational Materials: analyze text that uses cause-and-effect organizational pattern. Paraphrase • RC 2.3: Analyze text that uses cause-and-effect organizational patterns.

  5. Input • Sub-Saharan- The area of Africa that lies south of the Sahara • Plateau- a highland area of fairly flat land • Natural Resources- products that come from nature and have economic value • Savannah- a broad grassland with scattered trees • Sahel- fertile region with unpredictable rainfall that lies along the southern border of the Sahara

  6. Input: The Sahara Vegetation Zone: Desert • Sahara is the Arabic word for “desert” • At 3.5 million sq. miles it is the world’s largest desert. • In ancient times, traders from North Africa and West Africa traversed the Sahara to exchange goods.

  7. Input: The Sahel • Vegetation Zone: Savannah • A fertile region that borders the Sahara to the south. • Sahel is the Arabic word for “shore” • Rainfall is limited and the region is plagued with droughts

  8. Input: Rain Forest • Vegetation Zone: • Rain Forest The rainforest is comprised of towering trees, dense leaves and vegetation, and is hot and wet all year.

  9. Input: Niger River • Main river of West Africa • Provided water to civilizations that lived in dry regions • Provided a route traders could travel across to enter the interior of West Africa

  10. Input: Africa’s Natural Resources Iron Salt Copper Gold

  11. Input • Social Studies Standard 7.2.2 and Reading Comprehension Standard 2.3: • Cause: Traders in Western Africa had access to gold, where as those in the Sahara had access to salt. • Effect: Trans-Sahara trade began and was based on the trade of salt and gold. • Effect: Other items such as steel swords, copper, silks, ivory, crafts, and slaves were traded as well. • Effect: A new religion, known as Islam, was spread along the trade routes by merchants.

  12. Input: Summary The African continent is a vast and varied place. It contains the world’s largest desert, as well as an immense savannah containing tropical rain forests. Much of Africa lies on a large plateau. Ancient people traversed this difficult landscape in order to exchange resources such as salt, gold, copper, and iron. These traders trekked across the Sahara by camel caravan or utilized the Niger River to travel to and from the interior of West Africa.

  13. Input Africa’s economy is still based largely on the exportation of natural resources. Today, the continent of Africa produces:62% of the world’s Platinum/Palladium 46% of the world’s Diamonds 21% of the world’s Gold 16% of the world’s Uranium

  14. Input Much like in the Arabian peninsula and Middle East, Muslims will encounter non-Islamic empires. Some of these empires will be conquered and converted to Islam, while others will adopt it willingly. Like the Islamic empires to their north, the empires of Africa will become centers of great cultural and economic wealth.

  15. Modeling • What are the three types of vegetation zones located within the African continent? • Explain the significance of the Niger River. • Name some of the natural resources traded in Ancient Africa.

  16. Check forUnderstanding • Which vegetation zone is defined as “broad grasslands with scattered trees”? Savannah

  17. Check forUnderstanding • What was an effect of Trans-Sahara trade? Varies; Ex: “Slaves were traded from one area of the continent to another”;“Islam was spread by merchants”

  18. Guided Practice • Answer #2 Independent Practice • Finish #1-5 on the worksheet.

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