1. Sub-Saharan Africa ESPN and mapping On page 39 of your ISN, complete an ESPN chart for this region. Use your atlas pages 121-132 and your textbook pages 402-469 for information.

2. Sub-Saharan Africa Economics Social Traditional Societies Healthcare Issues Pandemic-uncontrollable outbreak Crafts, Art, Music Education is improving but faces obstacles due to lacking infrastructure. Apartheid still impacts lifestyles of those in South Africa. • Land Use • Subsistence Farming, Commercial Farming, Nomadic Herding, Ranching, Herding, Urban • Resources • Oil, Coal, Gold, Lead, Iron, Diamonds • Tourism • Wildlife parks • Civil wars cause economic struggles • AIDS impairs economic activity in parts of Africa

3. Sub-Saharan Political Natural Environment Landforms Huge plateau covers most of Africa. Narrow lowlands along coast. Basins (depressions) lakes and Rivers Rift Valley Mountains The Great Escarpment Climate Tropical wet, tropical wet and dry, arid (desert), semiarid, humid subtropic, marine west coast and highland. Biomes Desert, Rainforest, Grasslands Desertification of the Sahel • Colonization-Berlin Conference • Africa divided among European countries in 1884-1885. • Except Ethiopia. • Stateless society-prior to colonization people relied only on family history to govern themselves. • Most countries gained independence in the 1960s, but borders imposed during colonization caused problems leading to civil wars.

4. Sub-Saharan Africa Political Physical Great Rift Valley Horn of Africa Kalahari Desert Nubian Desert Namib Desert Congo Basin Congo R. Lake Victoria Victoria Falls Niger R. Sahel Cape of Good Hope Mozambique Channel Mt. Kilimanjaro Indian Ocean Atlantic Ocean Mediterranean Sea Gulf of Guinea • Cote D’ivoire • Burkina Faso • Ghana • Togo • Benin • Nigeria • Cameroon • Central African Republic • Uganda • Somalia • Gabon • Republic of Congo • Burundi • Rwanda • Tanzania • Malawi • Mozambique • Zimbabwe • South Africa • Swaziland • Lesotho • Djibouti • Mauritania • Senegal • Guinea Bissau • Guinea • Sierra Leone • Liberia • Mali • Niger • Chad • Sudan • Eritrea • Ethiopia • Democratic Republic of Congo • Kenya • Angola • Zambia • Madagascar • Namibia • Botswana • South Sudan • Equatorial Guinea • Sao Tome and Principe