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Department of Rural Systems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

Estimation of virtual water use for achieving the target of food self-sufficiency ratio in South Korea. Jin-Yong Choi , Seung -Hwan Yoo , Sang-Hyun Lee, Jeong -Bin Im. Department of Rural Systems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University

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Department of Rural Systems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

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  1. Estimation of virtual water use for achieving the target of food self-sufficiency ratio in South Korea Jin-Yong Choi, Seung-Hwan Yoo, Sang-Hyun Lee, Jeong-Bin Im Department of Rural Systems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University iamchoi@snu.ac.kr http://rwiel.snu.ac.kr

  2. Contents 1. Virtual water & Water footprint concept 2. Introduction 3. Methods (VWC and VWU) 4. VWU for per capita net food supply 5. VWU for consumption and production in 2015 and 2020 6. Summary and Conclusions

  3. Virtual water concept • ‘Virtual water’ (Allan, 1993)  The amount of water used to produce a certain product, expressed in cubic metes (m3)  ‘embedded water’  Allan suggested that the industrial and agricultural commodity trade was also a trade in the water used for production of those commodities. (Hoekstra et al., 2011)

  4. (Hoekstra & Chapagain, 2004; 2008) [Hoekstra & Chapagain, 2008]

  5. Water footprint concept • Water Footprint  an indicator of freshwater use that looks at both direct and indirect water use of a consumer or producer  the total volume of freshwater used to produce the goods and services consumed by the individual or community  Water volume + Additional information (where, what, when) (Hoekstra et al., 2011)

  6. Introduction (1) • Population growth and life-style change Affecting the demand and supply of food, and land and water use • Increase in population, rapid industrialization and urbanization during the last half century in Korea  higher foods demand & decreased arable lands • Food self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) in South Korea • SSR for grain (including feed): 56% (1980) to 27% (2010) • wheat, maize and beans: 0.5%, 1.0% and 9.8% in 2010 (KREI, 2011)

  7. Introduction (2) • The food security situation in Korea faces challenges internally and externally. ex) decreased arable lands, climate change, drought • It is necessary for the Korean government to make agricultural policies more effective for stabilizing the food supply. • The MIFAFF* recognizes the necessity of enhancing its food SSR  Mid-long term targets for the grain SSR: 26.7% (2010)  30% (2015) 32% (2020) * MIFAFF: Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (KREI, 2011)

  8. Introduction (3) • To achieve this goal, additional agricultural water must be secured; however, discussions on the detailed quantity and security of the water are yet to be made. • The virtual water concept, in which the amount of water is estimated using the amount of crop production, is more suitable for estimating the potential agricultural water required to meet the target food SSR.

  9. Introduction (4) • Objectives of this study, Estimating the potential virtual water use (VWU) using consumption and production scenarios for the target food SSRs in 2015 and 2020 in Korea.

  10. Methods – VWC and VWU VWC = the water required for the production of one ton CWR= the quantity of water requirement production = the quantity harvested per year VWCfeed[a] = virtual water content of feed VWCdrink[a] = drinking water consumption VWCserv[a] = service water consumption P= the amount of consumption or production (Chapagainand Hoekstra, 2004)

  11. Virtual water content (VWC) (Yooet al., 2009; Chapagain and Hoekstra, 2004)

  12. Self-sufficiency ratio in KOREA Meats Pulse Grains Formula feed (KREI, 2011)

  13. Consumption scenarios in 2015 and 2020

  14. Production scenarios in 2015 and 2020

  15. Changes of VWU in 2015 and 2020

  16. Additional net VWU for productionin 2015 and 2020 • Annual demand for agricultural water (AWD) • 15,690 Mm3 in 2016 and 15,583 Mm3in 2020 (MCT, 2006) • Additional net VWUs: 1,062 Mm3  6.8% of AWD (2015) 892 Mm3  5.7% of AWD (2020) excluding imported feed

  17. VW import in 2015 and 2020 • VW import • 2005-2009 (avg.): 21,943 Mm3 • 2015: 25,426 Mm3 (+3,483 Mm3), 2020: 25,152 Mm3 (+3,209 Mm3)

  18. Summary and Conclusions • In this research, • The VWUs required to secure the target food SSRs for 2015 and 2020 were calculated additional net VWUs: 1,062 Mm3(2015), 892 Mm3(2020) • To serve as the basis for establishing long-term policies on the agricultural water resources. • To provide information and data which are required for the agricultural water resources management. • To use the basic data for national agricultural water footprint

  19. Thank you

  20. Introduction (4) • Objectives of this study, • Analyzing the trends in per capita virtual water use in accordance with the change of the food consumption pattern in the past years • Estimating the potential virtual water use (VWU) using consumption and production scenarios for the target food SSRs in 2015 and 2020 in Korea.

  21. Self-sufficiency ratio in KOREA Meats Pulse Grains Formula feed (KREI, 2011)

  22. Changes of VWU in 2015 and 2020

  23. Per capita net food supply (NFScap) in KOREA (KREI, 2011)

  24. VWU for NFScap 861.1 m3 797.0 m3 546.6 m3

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