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Introduction to Cells

Introduction to Cells. Essential Questions: What defines a cell? What are the types of cells? Who helped in the discovery of cells?. From evolution (of everything)… to the evolution of YOUR BODY!. How do our bodies grow a nd function day to day? How do our bodies get the energy

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Introduction to Cells

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  1. Introduction to Cells Essential Questions: What defines a cell? What are the types of cells? Who helped in the discovery of cells?

  2. From evolution (of everything)…to the evolution ofYOUR BODY! How do our bodies grow and function day to day? How do our bodies get the energy we need to function? What do you think? Body Mind Map • Sketch out and label a map of the path that our food takes through our body. • Make notes on the side explaining how you think everything moves, what cells and organs might be involved, and what is going on at each step.

  3. It all starts with… Cells Cells!

  4. Can you guess what kinds of cells these are? Cells Cells!

  5. SPERM TRYING TO FERTILIZE AN EGG Cells HUMAN SKIN CELLS ONION SKIN Cells! HUMAN HAIR INSIDE INNER EAR RED BLOOD CELLS RAGWEED POLLEN (hay fever!) WHITE BLOOD CELL NEURON

  6. Scale atoms  molecules organelles cells tissues organsorgan systems  organism

  7. The Discovery of the Cell Cells are tiny! So how do you think they were first discovered?

  8. Compound Light Microscope: allows light to pass through a specimen and magnifies the image with lenses Cells are tiny!So tiny, we can’t see most of them with our naked eye…we need a microscope!

  9. Electron microscope: Uses beams of electrons to produce 3-D images! Cells are tiny!So tiny, we can’t see most of them with our naked eye…we need a microscope!

  10. Cell Theory 1. All living things are composed of cells 2. Cells are the basic living units of all organisms 3. New cells are produced from existing cells

  11. Cell Theory A B E ll living things are composed of cells. asic living units of all organisms. xisting cells produce new cells.

  12. The Discovery of the Cell Scientists stand on the shoulders of giants We build off of each other’s work!

  13. The Discovery of the Cell First up… • Anton van Leeuenhoek(1600’s) • Developed the first microscope • Observed life in pond water • Did a little of his own research 2. Robert Hooke (1665) • First to see and identify cork cells • Coined the term “cells” because the they looked like the rooms, or cells, of a monastery

  14. The giant grows taller…next up, Discovered the process of osmosis! (we will go into this later!) 3. Rene Dutrochet(1820’s) 4. Robert Brown (1883) zxc Discovered the cell nucleus! Was able to see the nucleus due to advancements in microscope technology.

  15. The giant grows taller…next up, You Schwanna know about cells? All animals are made up of cells! 5. Theodore Schwann (1839) 6. Matthias Schleiden(1838) zxc 7. Rudolf Virchow (1855) All plants are made up of cells! …just Schleiden’ on some grass All cells come from other cells!

  16. The giant grows taller…next up, 8. Lynn Margulis (1966) Endosymbiotic Theory

  17. There are TWO types of cells! • Prokaryotic – “Pro” = BEFORE a nucleus • Eukaryotic – “Eu” = TRUE nucleus

  18. All Cells… • Are surrounded by a barrier called a cell membrane • Have genetic information (DNA) 3. Have cytoplasm

  19. Prokaryotes • No nucleus but there IS DNA!! • The DNA is usually one circular chromosome. • Nuclear body is called ‘nucleoid’ • No membrane-bound organelles. • Usually exist as unicellular organisms. • Have flagella • Have pilli to help stick to each other.

  20. Pili DNA Ribosomes Flagellum Cell wall Plasma Membrane

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