G11a,b

1. G11a,b The student will explain the impact of location, climate, physical characteristics, distribution of natural resources, and population distribution on Southern and Eastern Asia

2. INDIA • Located on the Southwestern portion of the Asian continent • Several different types of climate • Mountains in the north, deserts to the west, tropical climates near the oceans • Monsoon season affects the lives of Indians • Blow hot, dry air across the continent from the northeast during the winter • Spring and summer ~ the winds come from the opposite direction and bring heavy rains from the ocean • Unpredictable and can cause flooding

3. India ~Where do people live • Most Indians live in major river valleys • People are moving from rural areas to cities in large numbers searching for work and better opportunities. • Rivers provide transportation, trade routes, water for irrigation, and water to supply the people in the cities. • Rivers have become easiest means of disposing of human, animal, and industrial waste. • Large cities have problems with over-crowding and air and water pollution.

4. CHINA • China is a very large country and has nearly every type of climate • Mountains in the south cut China off from India and the moisture that might come from the Indian Ocean • The Gobi and Taklimakan desert regions in central China are harsh and dry. • Mongolia (north of China) is semi-arid • Areas to the east and south are humid and even tropical.

5. China ~ Where do people live? • Most of China’s one billion people live in Southeastern China (milder climate) • Southeastern section has the Yangtze River which flows to Shanghai, China’s largest port. • This region = site of the Three Gorges Dam- a hydroelectric project designed to bring electricity to China’s rural areas. • China’s rapid industrialization has meant that many Chinese workers have left their rural homes to find work in the overcrowded cities. • Few people live in desert regions ~ those who do are nomads and animal herders • Along the Huang He River is most heavily populated area. (Beijing) ~ known as the industrial region • Farming = most common occupation for Chinese in southeastern part of China

6. JAPAN • An island nation on far eastern edge of East Asia • Climate affected by ocean currents • North ~ rely on fishing • South ~ warmer climate is better for farming • 80% covered with mountains • Small percentage suitable for farming • Use terrace farming on the mountainous terrain • Japan has more earthquakes every year than any other place in the world, however they have adjusted to living with these each year • Japan experiences monsoon rains and even tropical hurricanes called typhoons.

8. Japan continued • Japan has little in the way of natural resources. • Japan must depend on industry and trade to supply its population with all they need. • Most people depend on fishing for much of their food (due to having so little farmland) • Import a lot of food from other countries • Have a highly developed industrial economy, but no gas or oil. • Depend on world market for petroleum products

9. North Korea • North Korea shares a border with China • Short summers and long, cold winters (like the northeastern corner of China) • Land is mountainous • Less populated than South Korea • Less successful agriculturally due to the mountains • Fast flowing rivers provide hydroelectric power • NK earns money from the mining of coal and other minerals like copper and iron • Most people live along western half of the country where the mountains slope down to the sea and farming is more successful. • North and South Korea have a number of mineral deposits including lead and zinc.

10. South Korea • Has fewer mountains and milder climate due to warm winds from the ocean • Cold winters and warm summers- SK climate is milder than that of NK because of ocean winds • Farming more widely practiced here than in mountainous north • Many live in largest city (Seoul) (25% of population) • These people have advantages (markets, jobs, and education) that are harder to find in rural areas

11. Vietnam • Located in Southeast Asia, southern peninsula • Warmer, tropical climate • Climate & geography join to create rich farm-lands • 90% of the world’s rice is grown in Vietnam

12. How does where you live affect how you live? • Distribution of natural resources plays a major part in determining what sorts of work people do and how comfortably they are able to live. • Rich farmland= one of the most valuable natural resources • All southern and eastern Asian countries depend on agriculture to feed growing populations. • India and China have large areas of rich farmland ~ but LARGE populations

13. India, China, North Korea and South Korea have good supplies of coal which is an important fuel and energy source. • However coal burning is a major cause of air pollution which is one of the greatest environmental hazards facing Southern and Eastern Asia. • South Vietnam mines phosphates for export and drills for oil. • Japan is a technologically advanced country with little natural resources