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FCC Rules Seminar Taipei, Taiwan April 2004

FCC Rules Seminar Taipei, Taiwan April 2004. www.atcb.com. AmericanTCB Taiwan. AmericanTCB, Inc. 3F, 201, Ti Ding Avenue, Sec.2, Neihu 114 Taipei, Taiwan Major Chen Sales Manager Phone: 886-2-2658-5152 ext 311 Tim Johnson: +886 092039926 www.atcb.com.

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FCC Rules Seminar Taipei, Taiwan April 2004

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  1. FCC Rules SeminarTaipei, Taiwan April 2004 www.atcb.com

  2. AmericanTCB Taiwan • AmericanTCB, Inc.3F, 201, Ti Ding Avenue, Sec.2, • Neihu 114 Taipei, Taiwan • Major ChenSales Manager • Phone: 886-2-2658-5152 ext 311 • Tim Johnson: +886 092039926 www.atcb.com

  3. WELCOMEand Thank You to our Sponsors • Trivet Industrial Corporation • Richtec Instruments Co., Ltd • Training Research Corporation (TRC) • EMI&EMC (Item Publications)

  4. Seminar Schedule and Overview • Introduction & Overview of FCC Rules • Bill Graff: 1: 00-1:45 • Latest NPRMs and Rules Changes • Tim Johnson: 1:45-2:30 • New requirements for Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) Testing • Bill Graff, ATCB: 2:30-3:15 • Break: 3:15-3:30 • Feature Presentation by Sponsors • Jones Yen, Trivet Industrial Corporation • Frank Tsai, TRC: 3:30-4:00 • P.H. Yuan, Richtech: 3:30-4:30 • European Update • Mike Violette, ATCB: 4:30-5:00 • Q&A • 5:00-5:30 • Reception • 5:30-7:30

  5. Fundamental Rules SeminarWilliam H. Graff, AmericanTCB

  6. USA Compliance • US: Federal Communications Commission • Title 47 Code of Federal Regulations • Product approvals can be performed by FCC or Telecommunications Certification Bodies • TCBs are able to perform “routine” evaluations only using FCC recognized industry standard methods • New technologies or technologies where there is no industry consensus are excluded.

  7. FCC 47 CFR Regulations • Part 2 General Requirements • Part 5 Experimental Radio Service • Part 15 Subpart C, D, and E Unlicensed Low Power Transmitters (802.11a/b/g, Bluetooth, etc.) • Part 20 Common Carrier • Part 21 Domestic Public Service • Part 22 Public Mobile Service • Part 24 Licensed PCS

  8. FCC 47 CFR Regulations • Part 25 Satellite Communication Services • Part 26 General Wireless Services • Part 27 Miscellaneous Wireless Services • Part 68 Telecom Services • Part 73 Education Services • Part 74 Television Broadcast • Part 80 Maritime Service

  9. FCC 47 CFR Regulations • Part 87 Aviation • Part 90 Private Land Mobile • Part 95 Personal Radio Service • Part 97 Amateur Radio • Part 101 Fixed Microwave

  10. FCC 47 CFR Regulations • FCC doesnotregulate • safety (except RF Exposure) • susceptibility • product performance

  11. Certification • Used for most “Equipment Authorizations” Formerly called “Type Acceptance”. • Is more than just a “test report” – actually a legal document • Requires a detailed list of “Exhibits” • See 2.1033 for complete detail • Test Report should be designed to show transmitter is “well-behaved”

  12. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • 2.1046 - Power Output • 2.1047 - Modulation Characteristics • 2.1049 - Occupied Bandwidth • 2.1051 - Antenna Terminal Spurious Emissions • 2.1053 - Radiated Spurious Emissions • 2.1055 - Frequency Stability for Temperature and Voltage Variations

  13. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • In most cases - the actual Radio Service rules have special or unique requirements and additional testing parameters.

  14. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • In addition to the Part 2 rules addressing test parameters the FCC also recognizes the test methods contained in ANSI/TIA/EIA-603-1992 document • ***Reference test procedures in report

  15. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Remember that the purpose of performing the measurements required and submitting interpretations is to establish compliance with the technical requirement contained in the Radio Service Rules.

  16. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Power Output: 2.1046 • For any special case as sighted in the specific rules compliance to 2.1046 test method is accepted provided the specific Rule is addressed as part of the information.

  17. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Where sections of the recommended standard EIA-603 differ from Part 2 requirements - the Part 2 test method must be used for testing purposes.

  18. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Modulation Characteristics 2.1047 • Test requirements of this section differ from EIA-603 requirements. • Compliance to Part 2 requirements is mandatory.

  19. Modulating Signal Generator Transmitter Under Test Power Attenuator Power Measuring Receiver/Spectrum Analyzer Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Example: EIA 603 differs from Part 2.1047 regarding the range which the audio frequency response is to be measured. • Part 2.1047 requirement of 100 - 5000 Hz should be used for this test. • General Test Setup

  20. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Occupied Bandwidth 2.1049 • While this test is identified as “Occupied Bandwidth” which is defined as that portion where 99% of the emitted energy (with the remaining 0.5% above & 0.5% below the occupied band), the results are mainly used to compare modulated spectrum with emissions masks • OBW @ 10 Log (0.01) = -20 dBc • Other rule sections may call out -23 or -26 dBc

  21. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • In addition to meeting the emission mask, the occupied bandwidth may not exceed the authorized bandwidth as listed in the Radio Service Rules. • This test should be performed for each kind of emission to be listed on the FCC Grant. • Note: the emission mask is normally applied with 0 dB equal to the level of the unmodulated carrier.

  22. Emissions Mask ExampleAnalog Modulation Mask

  23. Mask Emissions Mask ExampleDigital Modulation

  24. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • 2.1049 does not cover Occupied Bandwidth tests for amplifiers or similar units since these devices are intended to reproduce the modulated signal. • Amplifiers designed to handle multiple channels should be tested with multiple channels for each emission to show intermodulation products. • Tests for power amplifiers still should include “gozinto” and “gozouta” plots for each modulation desired.

  25. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Intermodulation is considered a spurious emission by the FCC and are covered by the general emission limitations (masks) in each radio service. • This specifically refers to the IM products produced by transmitters / amplifiers carrying two or more signals.

  26. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Antenna Terminal Spurious Emissions 2.1051 • (Otherwise know as Conducted Emissions) • View levels of harmonic emissions. • An extension of the occupied bandwidth test showing the emission up to the highest frequency as specified in Section 2.1057 [usually 10th harmonic]. 0

  27. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • If the unit does not have a detachable antenna or an antenna output terminal then the test data is collected at the base of the antenna.

  28. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Field Strength of Spurious Emissions 2.1053 • ERP/EIRP Spurious Measurement • This test includes those emissions radiated from the cabinet, chassis, and associated wiring. The specification is the same emission mask under the Radio Service rules extended to the highest frequency specified in 2.1057. • Substitution method described in TIA/EIA 603 required test procedure. Be sure to account for SWR when using broadband antennas !

  29. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Frequency Stability 2.1055 • Done over temperature [-30 C to +50 C] and operating voltage [+/- 15%] specifications. • Battery operated devices should also include B.E.P [Battery End Point] • Usually defined in ppm but other units such as Hz, % are accepted as defined in specific rule section. • Differs some from methodology described in • TIA/EIA 603

  30. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Reference Standards: • TIA/EIA 603 Land Mobile FM or PM Communications Equipment Measurement and Performance Standards • TIA/EIA Telecommunications System Bulletin TSB102 (Digital C4FM/CQPSK Transceivers Measurement Method

  31. Licensed Radio Services Test Parameters • Emission Designator: Determined from the Occupied bandwidth and the modulation scheme used • Classic equations described in Part 2 • Required as part of submittal

  32. Common Part 22 H Cellular Emission Designators • 40K0F8W – AMPS Cellular voice & signaling tone • 40K0F1D – AMPS Cellular wideband data • 1M25F9W – CDMA (IS 95/98) • 30K0DXW - North American digital cellular - TDMA • 300KGXW – GSM • 300KG7W - EDGE

  33. Emission Designator Calculation • Emission Designator • 40K0F8W - Voice & SAT signal • Voice (M=2.5k, D=12k), SAT (M=6k, D=2k) • Pick highest frequency and add deviations and apply Carson’s Rule 2M+2D • 2(6k) + 2(12k+2k) = 12+28 = 40 kHz • 40K0F8W - Signaling Tone (ST) & SAT • ST (M=10k, D=8k), SAT (M=6k, D=2k) • 2(10k) + 2(8k+2k) = 20+20 = 40 kHz • 40K0F1D - Wideband Data • Data (M=10k, D=8k), SAT (M=6k, D=2k) • 2(10k) + 2(8+2) = 20+20 = 40 kHz

  34. Example Part 22 H Grant

  35. Certification Checklist for Licensed Services • Applicant Name Correct • Test Firm • FCC ID: number • Equipment Functional Description • Equipment Class

  36. Certification Checklist for Licensed Services • Confidentiality Request Letter • Letter with details to be included with confidentiality. • Commonly only Block Diagram, Schematics, Parts List and Tune-up are eligible for confidential treatment • Manuals, photos, test reports, SAR reports never allowed confidentiality • Date of letter

  37. Certification Checklist for Licensed Services • Technical Information • Rule Part(s) • Frequency Range • Power Output

  38. Certification Checklist for Licensed Services • Antenna Port • (Real Connection or Integral antenna?) • Frequency Tolerance • Emissions • Necessary Bandwidth Values Justified • Emission Type Justified

  39. Certification Checklist for Licensed Services • RF Exposure Information • Description: Purpose, Use and Users • Instruction Manual • DC Voltages and Currents Listed • Tune Up Procedure • Circuit Diagram \ Block Diagrams

  40. Certification Checklist for Licensed Services • Photos (Internal & External) Technical Report • Power Output • (ERP/EIRP or Conducted? Peak or Average?) • Audio Frequency Response • Modulation Limiting

  41. Certification Checklist for Licensed Services • Frequency Stability vs Voltage + 15% and Battery end point • Frequency Stability vs Temperature -30C to +50C

  42. Required Exhibits for Licensed Services • Agent Authorization Letter • Confidentiality Request • Schematics • Block Diagram • RF Exposure Evaluation • Operational Description • Tune Up Procedure

  43. Required Exhibits for Licensed Services • External Photographs • Internal Photographs • Sample Label with FCC ID: • Label Location • Test Setup Photographs • Users Manual • Test Report

  44. Timothy R. Johnson, American TCB Recent FCC Clarifications, Latest NPRM’s and Rules Changes

  45. Presentation Overview • Part 15 Recent Interpretation Issues, Reminders, and Application Concerns • Part 15 Rulemaking updates • NPRM’s, Report and Orders, etc.

  46. Multiple Modulation Capabilities in One Device • One familiar example, 802.11(g) incorporates the following modulation capabilities. • BPSK modulation at 1 and 2 Mb/s • CCK modulation at 5.5 and 11 Mb/s • OFDM modulation at 54 Mb/s • The FCC expects each of these modes and • modulations to be evaluated (i.e. pretest, etc.)

  47. Multiple Modulation Capabilities in One Device – Cont. • Justification for worse case results reported or modes reported should be included in the test report • As a minimum, it is suggested that an 802.11g test report should include: • Data for BPSK/CCK. Due to similar waveforms, only worse case data needs to be shown for these 2 modulations • Data for OFDM

  48. AC Line Conducted Emissions for Part 15 Modules • Section 15.207(a) requires test data unless the device is battery powered with no provision for receiving power directly or indirectly from an AC source. • Any application granted for battery power only will be listed as a condition on the grant of authorization.

  49. AC Line Conducted Emissions for Part 15 Modules – Cont. • Battery powered examples: • The transmitter is powered by an on-board battery. • Transmitter has a battery connector/compartment • The transmitter is only intended for battery powered applications and installed by OEM. • Device is conditioned only for battery powered applications and a limited module approval is issued • Any new non-battery application requires a new authorization (new FCC ID) • The transmitter is installed only in the manufacturers equipment that will be battery powered • Grant is conditioned accordingly and a LMA is issued

  50. CISPR AC Line Conducted Limits for All Transmitters • Since December 3, 2002, all Part 15 and 18 devices required to be tested for AC Line conducted emmissions must have either Note Code ’05’ or ‘CE’ listed on the grant of equipment authorization.

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