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Understanding Electromagnetic Induction: Concepts and Applications

This chapter explores the principles of electromagnetic induction, focusing on how changing magnetic fields produce induced electromotive force (emf) and current in conductors. Key concepts include Faraday's Law, Lenz's Law, and the relationship between magnetic flux and induced current. The implications for generators and transformers are discussed, including calculations for output current and voltage ratios in transformers, highlighting practical applications in electric circuits. Gain insight into how magnetic fields can influence electric current and the fundamental laws governing these phenomena.

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Understanding Electromagnetic Induction: Concepts and Applications

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  1. AP Physics Chp 22

  2. Electromagnetic Induction • If a magnetic field changes near a conductor then an emf is induced which induces a current in the conductor

  3. Move a magnet • Move a coil • Changing area of a coil also induces an emf

  4. Moving a solid conductor in a constant magnetic field also induces an emf and current • ε= vBL all perpendicular

  5. Magnetic Flux • ε= B∆A / ∆t = ∆ф / ∆t ф = BA mag. Flux • unit is Tm2 = weber Wb • ф = BA cos ф angle between A and B

  6. Faraday’s Law • GFCI and AFCI

  7. Lenz’s Law • An induced emf results from a changing magnetic flux has a polarity that leads to an induced current with a direction so the induced magnetic field opposes the original magnetic flux

  8. Generators

  9. Countertorque • Back (counter) emf • V-ε = IR

  10. Transformers • One coil with a current causes a magnetic field in an iron core. This magnetic field induces a current in a second coil.

  11. Power remains constant in a transformer • P=IV

  12. What ratio of coils in needed in the transformer that has an input of 120V and needs an output of 24V? • If it uses 4.5 A of input current what is the output current?

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