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John

John. Believing in Jesus for Eternal Life Jesus: The Son of God Written by Apostle John about 80-90 A.D. Key Verses 20:30-31 Myron G. Heavin. John – Occasion and Purpose. Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God Presenting 7 Messianic signs Universal Christian Faith

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John

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  1. John Believing in Jesus for Eternal Life Jesus: The Son of God Written by Apostle John about 80-90 A.D. Key Verses 20:30-31 Myron G. Heavin

  2. John – Occasion andPurpose • Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God • Presenting 7 Messianic signs • Universal Christian Faith • Applying to Jews and non-Jews alike • The only way to God • Equip believers • For Mission • To share the good news with unbelievers

  3. John - Themes • Jesus as the preexistent, incarnate Word, the fully divine and human Messiah, the crucified and risen Savior of the world. • The Jewish rejection of Jesus the Messiah and the universal offer of salvation to everyone who believes • Believers’ need to follow Jesus through obedient, committed, and faithful discipleship, realizing through love and unity in the Christian community and dependence on the Holy Spirit

  4. John – Interesting Facts • Immediate Audience • Mature Christians (80-90 A.D.) • Jews • Gentiles • Probably written in Ephesus • Written as if Jerusalem Temple not destroyed yet (70 A.D.) but perhaps later finalized and published (80-90 A.D.)

  5. John – About the Author • Son of Zebedee and Solome (Mark 1:19) • Brother of James the Martyr (Acts 12:2) • Home town was Bethsaida where he worked as a fisherman • He knew the high priest (John 18:2) • Early disciple of John the Baptist • He wrote 5 New Testament Books • Most American and British commentators think John wrote the book. Most other Europeans do not think so. • Peter, James & John were part of Jesus inner circle • Possible cousin of Jesus. • Perhaps died 68 years after Jesus died.

  6. John – 3 Characteristics of the Trinity • Oneness of Jesus & The Father (10:30, 14:9-10) • Distinction between them (14:28, 17:1-5) • Unity of Purpose (5:17-18, 8:42)

  7. John – 3 Characteristics of a Disciple • That you abide in His word (8:31) • That you love one another (13:34-35) • That you bear much fruit and so prove to be my disciples (15:8)

  8. John – Characteristics of • Jesus existed before time • The Word became flesh and dwelt among us • Much of Jesus ministry was in hostile Jerusalem • Matthew, Mark, and Luke emphasize Galilee • John contains no • Parables • Temptation in the wilderness • Suffering in the Garden of Gethsemane • In full command of trial & quite chatty on the cross • Deliberately chose to die

  9. John – New TestamentTime Line • Anti-Jewish Upheaval AD 38-41 Alexandria , Palestine, Judea • 49 - 54 AD Claudius expels Jews from Rome • 49 AD Church struggles, meets about Jews & Gentiles • Acts 15, Gal. 2:1-15 • 54 – 68 AD Nero becomes emperor, welcomes Jews back • Claudius poisoned by Nero’s Mother • Nero murdered Mother & possibly half-brother • Nero allows Jews back into Rome • 57 AD Paul writes Romans • 64 / 65 AD Rome burns – Nero blames Christians • 68 AD Siege in Jerusalem begins after Jewish rebellion • 70 AD Rome burns Jerusalem, temple destroyed • 80-90 AD John written (Arnold)

  10. John – 7I Am’s • I Am the Bread of Life (6:35, 48) • I Am the light of the world (8:12) • I Am the door (10:7,9) • I Am the good shepherd (10:11,14) • I Am the resurrection and the life (11:25) • I Am the way and the truth and the life (14:6) • I Am the true vine (15:1,5)

  11. John – Simple Outline • Prologue: Jesus Christ is the Word (1:1-18) • Public Ministry of the Son of God (1:19-12:50) • Private Ministry of the Son of God (13:1-21:25)

  12. John – Basic Outline (Gundry) • Prologue: Jesus Christ is the Word (1:1-18) • Jesus Initial Ministry produces Faith (1:19-4:42) • Jesus Authority of His Word (4:43-5:47) • Jesus Flesh and Blood Gives Life (6) • Jesus Light Divides People - Life or Death (7,8) • Jesus Kindness Different from Authority (9-10:39) • Gift of Life thru Jesus Death (10:40-12:50) • Departure and Return of Jesus (13:1-20:29) • Conclusion and Theme Verses (20:30-31) • Epilogue and Final Authentication (21)

  13. John - Jewish Festivals • Sabbath Festival (John 5:1-47) • Passover Festival in Galilee (John 6:1-71) • Tabernacles Festival in Jerusalem (John 7-9) • Hanukkah Festival (John 10) • Seder (Passover Dinner) John 13-17

  14. John – 7 Signs and Discourses

  15. Andromeda Galaxy – 100 Billion Stars

  16. Prologue: Jesus Christ is the Word (1:1-18) • In the beginning was the Word. • Reminds one of Colossians (1:16-17) • Reminds one of Genesis 1 • Reminds one of wisdom in Proverbs (8:22-31) • Psalm 33:6, 9 • His own (Jews) rejected Him (1:11) • They / we reject the only hope this world has • He gave rebirth as children of God to all that did believe in Him. (1:12) • And the Word became flesh (1:14) • Flesh is neither good nor bad

  17. Hubble Image – Super Nova

  18. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) Narrative (1:19-2:25)Testimony of John the Baptist (1:19-34) • John Baptized both Jews and Gentiles (cleansing) • Please list 13 titles for Jesus in 20-51 • Jesus greater than John the Baptist • John was a “type of” but not Elijah (Malachi 4:5)

  19. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) Narrative (1:19-2:25)Ordination of Jesus as High Priest • Jesus as High Priest (Hebrews 8:1-3) • Had to be 30 years old • Had to be ordained by previous High Priest (John) • John’s Father, Zacharias, was the priest chosen to enter Holy of Holies (Luke 1:8-9) • John recognized Jesus as the one Spirit remained with • Spirit remaining never happened in Old Testament • The Holy Spirit remains with us when we believe in Jesus

  20. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) Narrative (1:19-2:25)Making of the first disciples (1:35-51) • Follows being installed as High Priest (Messiah) • Disciples make other disciples • Jesus sees disciples before they are called • Our calling comes from God, not from man. • Philip (Greek name) & Nathanial (Hebrew) brothers • Implies mixing of Greek and Hebrew cultures • Please list characteristics of disciples in 35-51

  21. A Theological View of John (Burge) • Institutions in Judaism (Chapters 2-4) • A Wedding in Cana (2:1-12) • The Temple in Jerusalem (2:13-25) • A Rabbi in Jerusalem (3:1-21) • A well in Samaria (4:1-42) • Festivals in Judaism (Chapters 5-10) • Sabbath (5:1-47) • Passover (6:1-71) • Tabernacles (7:1-9:41) • Hanukkah (10:1-39)

  22. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) Narrative (1:19-2:25)1st Sign - Water into Wine in Cana (2:1-11) • Jesus convinced His disciples and they believed • Jesus new wine was better than the old Mosaic wine • Stone jars were for ritual purification • Wine could be a forerunner of Communion • Cana is a wedding feast (He married the Church?) • The first week could be forerunner of last week • Jesus dissociates Himself from His Mother • Jesus apparently had brothers & sisters (Mark 6:3)

  23. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42)Narrative (1:19-2:25)The Cleansing of the Temple (2:13-25) • Temple was used for ritual purification (same as Cana) • He cleansed temple just like He cleansed purification vessels • Jesus cleanses temple at start of His ministry and then at the end (Matt 21:12-13, Mark 11:15-17, Luke 19:45-46) • 3 Passovers in John (2:13, 6:4, 11:55) for 3+ year ministry • Jesus mentioned destroying and rebuilding temple – a common theme for that time (Ezekiel 40-46) • Sign of Jonah (Matt. 12:39-40, 16:4; Luke 11:29) • How similar are our religious institutions to the Temple?

  24. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith(1:19-4:42) Narrative (1:19-2:25)

  25. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith(1:19-4:42)

  26. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) The New Birth (3:1-21) • No one can see the Kingdom of God unless he is born again (3:3) • Kingdom of God mentioned only here in John • Jesus equates Kingdom of God with eternal life • No one can enter the Kingdom of God unless he is born of water and the Spirit (3:5) • Only those born again can understand heavenly things (3:12) • Jesus must be lifted up so that those that believe in Him will have eternal life (3:15)

  27. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) The New Birth (3:1-21) • Must be born again to enter Kingdom of God • General Revelation (Science) • Born of flesh is flesh • Mankind loves the darkness • What we can see, hear, measure, touch, reason • General revelation points to God • Special Revelation (Theology) • Born of Spirit is spirit • Senses spiritual matters • Loves the light • Born once - die twice, born twice - die once

  28. Common Christian Maturity Sanctification Moral Principals Theology Science Obey Laws Fear See Other Viewpoints My View

  29. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) Nicodemus (3:1-21) • Only mentioned in Gospel of John • Representative of Judaism (3:10) • A member of ruling council (Sanhedrin) • Spoke up for Jesus during Festival of Tabernacles (7:50-52) • Helped Joseph of Arimathea at the burial (19:39) • No clear record Nicodemus ever believed

  30. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) John The Baptist (3:22-36) • Jesus speaks the word of God (3:34) • Jesus has the Spirit without measure (3:34) • The Father loves the Son and has given Him all things in His hand • He who believes in Jesus has eternal life, He who does not believe in Him faces the wrath of God

  31. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) The Water of Life (4:1-42) • Encounter with Samarian woman • Samaritans were ½ Jewish and ½ Assyrian • Samarians were looked down upon by Israelites • Samaritans saw what the Israelites could not see • She was the first Christian missionary • Jesus describes Himself as giving living water • Water represents the Holy Spirit (7:38-39) • Old Testament water issues from God (Jer. 2:13, 17:13; Isa. 55:1, Ezek. 47:1-12, Song 4:15) • Water is common motif in John

  32. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) The Water of Life (4:1-42) • God seeks worship anywhere – not just Jerusalem • Mt. Gerizim (this mountain) • Altar by Abraham (Gen 12:7) and Jacob (Gen. 33:20) • Blessing of Israelites (Deut. 11:29, 27:12) • Temple required to be built (Deut. 17:4ff) • Only one place for temple (in Torah) (Deut. 12:5) • Samaritans did not recognize 2 Chron. 6:6, Ps. 78:68)

  33. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) The Water of Life (4:1-42) • Jesus Food • Disciples went into village to buy food • He did not get hungry (40 days temptation) • Is to do the will of the Father & accomplish His work • Fields ready for Harvest • Old Testament prophets had sown the seeds • New Believers will reap the harvest • Now comes the Samaritans from the village ready for harvesting • Interesting the 1st ones being harvested were not Jews

  34. I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith (1:19-4:42) 2 Discourses (3:1-4:42) • 1st Discourse – The New Birth (3:1-36) • 2nd Discourse - The Water of Life (4:1-42)

  35. II. Jesus Authority of His Word (4:43-5:47) Narrative (4:43-5:9a)2nd Sign - Healing Nobleman’s Son (4:43-54) • Jesus is quite successful in reaching gentiles – • A prophet is not received in His own country (Jewish people) • Healing from afar • Also healing after coming out of Judea • Purpose of the sign is to elicit faith • Gentile believer • 2nd & 3rd signs performed in Galilee (not Judea)

  36. II. Jesus Authority of His Word (4:43-5:47) Section Chiasm Summary (John 2-5)New Covenant better than Mosaic Covenant • Jesus works a miracle in Cana (1st Sign - Water into Wine) • Jesus cleanses the temple in Jerusalem • Jesus tells Nicodemus about being born of water & Spirit • Man is born from below with earthly truths • You must be (spiritually) born again • Jesus came from above with spiritual truths • Jesus speaks to Samaritan woman of water and the Spirit • Jesus tells Samaritan woman, “You can worship anywhere” • Jesus works a miracle in Cana (2nd Sign – healing from afar)

  37. II. Jesus Authority of His Word (4:43-5:47) Section Chiasm Summary (John 2-5) • We must believe in Jesus to be born anew and be surrounded by the Holy Spirit. This should lead us to worship. Lastly we know Jesus is God because this verified by the miraculous signs written in the Word of God. • Jesus new covenant fulfills and is better than the old (Mosaic Covenant)

  38. II. Jesus Authority of His Word (4:43-5:47) Jewish Festivals (5-10) • The Sabbath Festival (5) • Sets the tone for all of the festivals • The Passover Festival (6) • The Tabernacles Festival (7-9) • Case Study: A Blind Man and “Light” (9) • The Hanukkah Festival in Jerusalem (10)

  39. II. Jesus Authority of His Word (4:43-5:47) Narrative (4:43-5:9a)3rdSign-Healing Lame Man on Sabbath(5:1-9a) • Healing on Sabbath • Broke an oral law, not the Mosaic Covenant (4th commandment (Exodus 20:9-11) • A practical teaching by Jesus on water and the spirit • Jesus and God both work on the Sabbath (5:17) • They sought to kill Jesus because: (5:18) • He was breaking the Sabbath oral law • He was calling God his own Father making himself equal to God

  40. II. Jesus Authority of His Word (4:43-5:47) 3rd Discourse (5:9b – 47)Jesus the Son of God (5:19-30) • He who honors the Son honors the Father, he who does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent Me • Jesus is sovereign over life(5:21) and judgment (5:22) • He who hears My word, and believes in the Father avoids judgment and has eternal life (5:24) • I can do nothing of my own initiative (5:30) • God raises the dead and gives them everlasting life (5:21) • 2 Resurrections – everlasting life & judgment

  41. II. Jesus Authority of His Word (4:43-5:47) 3rd Discourse (5:9b – 47)5 Witnesses of Jesus (Deut. 17:6) • God (thru John) (5:32) • John (5:33-35) • Works (5:36) • Signs coming from the Father pointing to the cross • Scriptures (39-40) • Scripture cannot save you – only Jesus can save you • Moses (5:46-47) • Moses wrote about Him (& other prophets) (Deut 18:15)

  42. III. Jesus Flesh & Blood Gives Life (6)4th Sign - Feeding the Multitude (Galilee) (6:1-15) • Practical Passover teaching about bread • Reminds them how God led Israelites out of bondage in Egypt into the promised land • Barley is the bread of the poor in those days • Jesus is the new Elijah (of the Passover) • Jesus escaped from the crowd ready to crown him king

  43. The Storm on the Lake of Galilee Rembrandt

  44. III. Jesus Flesh & Blood Gives Life (6)5th Sign - Walking on the Water (Galilee) (6:16-21) • Practical Teaching about who Jesus is • Reminds them of how God led them thru the water coming out of Egypt (Ex. 13-15) • Psalm 77:16, 19-20 • Psalm 107:25-30

  45. The Sea of Galilee

  46. Jesus Celebrates Passover at Capernaum

  47. III. Jesus Flesh & Blood Gives Life (6)1st I AM - I Am the Bread of Life (6:35; 48) • 4th Discourse - The Bread of Life (6:22-71) • Moses gave them bread in the desert and they died • Jesus gives us true bread leading to eternal life and we will never go hungry • He who believes in me will never be thirsty (Holy Spirit) • Jesus gives us spiritual teachings

  48. III. Jesus Flesh & Blood Gives Life (6)1st I AM - I Am the Bread of Life (6:35; 48) • 4th Discourse - The Bread of Life (6:22-71) • You must eat the flesh of Jesus (believe in Him) • The one who eats the flesh of Jesus and drinks His blood remains in Me and I in Him • This only happens once (Greek aorist tense) • Feasting on His words is eating His body • He who feeds on Me will live forever • “This Bread is my flesh” is not in the Last Supper in John • Jesus chose them (us) – they later chose Him

  49. III. Jesus Flesh & Blood Gives Life (6)1st I AM - I Am the Bread of Life (6:35; 48)

  50. III. Jesus Flesh & Blood Gives Life (6)1st I AM - I Am the Bread of Life (6:35; 48)

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