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Animal Cloning

Animal Cloning. Dolly. Aulanni’am Biochemistry Laboratory Chemistry Department Brawijaya University aulani@brawijaya.ac.id. Cloning. Definition: The process of making identical genomic copies of an original animal.

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Animal Cloning

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  1. Animal Cloning Dolly Aulanni’amBiochemistry LaboratoryChemistry DepartmentBrawijaya Universityaulani@brawijaya.ac.id Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  2. Cloning Definition: The process of making identical genomic copies of an original animal. Encyclopedia Britannica: An individual organism that was grown from a single body cell of its parent and that is genetically identical to it. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  3. Brief History of Cloning • 1902: Walter Sutton proves chromosomes hold genetic information. • 1902: German scientist Hans Spemann divides a salamander embryo. • Spemann proposes a “fantastical experiment” Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  4. History of Cloning • 1952: Briggs and King clone tadpoles. • 1953: Watson and Crick find the structure of DNA. • 1962: John Gurdon clones frogs from differentiated cells. • 1963: J.B.S. Haldane coins the term ‘clone’. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  5. 1977: Karl Illmensee creates mice with only one parent, • 1984: Twinning- create genetic copies from embryonic cells. • 1996: First animal cloned from adult cells is born. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  6. The Cloning Process • 1978: Splitting embryos • 1986: Embryo Cloning • 1994: Embryonic cell line cloning • 1996: Adult or Somatic cell cloning Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  7. Creating Dolly Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  8. Stage 1 Cell collected from a sheep’s udder. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  9. Stage 2 Nucleus is removed from unfertilized egg of second sheep. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  10. Stage 3 Udder cell is inserted into egg with no nucleus. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  11. Stage 4 Insertion is successful. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  12. Stage 5 Electrical charge is supplied. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  13. Stage 6 Cells begin to divide. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  14. Stages 7 & 8 Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  15. Cloning Facts • Plant cloning has been around for thousands of years • Farm animal cloning has been around for over 20 years • Cloning is a form of asexual reproduction • Clones aren’t exact copies • Cloned animals are safe to raise and eat Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  16. Genetic make-up is altered • Mutants are created • Clones are unhealthy • Will eventually lead to cloning humans • Possible to recreate people such as Hitler Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  17. Cloning has been around for a long time • Cloned products are safe • Useful in medical and pharmacological fields • Will not replace traditional animal agriculture • Need to better educate public • Close regulation Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

  18. to be continued.. Aulani "GE" Presentation 4

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