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First Aid CPR

First Aid CPR. Baby crying Pregnant woman crying Choking Heart attack Stroke Hand on head talking on a cellphone Face in puddle Flew 40 ft off of motorcycle Face in steering wheel Deadly wound/severe bleeding. What would you do?. $$$$$ 3 C’s ABCD’s Or 3 H’s.

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First Aid CPR

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  1. First Aid CPR

  2. Baby crying Pregnant woman crying Choking Heart attack Stroke Hand on head talking on a cellphone Face in puddle Flew 40 ft off of motorcycle Face in steering wheel Deadly wound/severe bleeding What would you do?

  3. $$$$$ 3 C’s ABCD’s Or 3 H’s Emergency Scene Management

  4. CHECK 1: Area – Scene Safety WHY? • Is the area safe? Use your senses to find potential hazards for yourself (i.e. gas leak, broken glass, live wire, etc.) CHECK 2: Responsiveness – “Tap and Shout” WHY? • Try to wake up the individual by tapping his face or slapping the ground beside her ear. Also, try shouting to get his attention (ex. “Are you okay?!”) CHECK 3: EMS – Unresponsiveness • Call 9-1-1 and get the AED • *Do not leave the victim alone, try to ask a bystander to do these for you 3 Checks (3 C’s)

  5. Assessment and Intervention A – AIRWAY: • Use two fingers to tilt victim’s head back to open the airway. • Use other hand to gently guide the headand check for any obstructions in airway B – BREATHING: • Tilt head to see victim’s chest and place ear near the victim’s mouth (MAKE SURE AIRWAY REMAINS OPEN) • You are listening for breathing, looking for the rise and fall of the chest, and feeling for breaths for 10secs C – CIRCULATION • Check pulse D –Defibrillation • Use a defibrillator if available, it gives through step-by-step instructions Deadly Bleeding • Find source of bleeding, cover wound, apply pressure and proceed with CPR – MINIMIZE blood loss Unconscious: ABCD

  6. HAPPENED? • Find out the mechanism of injury HURTS? • What is the main complaint? HISTORY? • What is the medical history of the victim? Conscious: 3 H’s

  7. 1. Continue to treat the underlying problem 2. Treat for shock Signs and symptoms of shock: • Shallow and rapid breathing • Poor/weak circulation, rapid pulse • Pale, cool skin • Restlessness, weakness, fear, anxiety, confusion, disorientation • Nausea, vomiting How to treat for shock: • WARTS • Warmth • ABCs (vital signs) • Rest & Reassurance • Treatment of underlying cause • Semi-Prone (Recovery Position) On-Going Care

  8. No signs of breathing or circulation  CPR • Do 30 compressions – PUSH HARD, PUSH FAST • Give 2 breaths – pinch the nose and seal lips over mouth, breath should last about a second • Repeat cycle of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until the ambulance arrives Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

  9. Signs • Greyish complexion • Clammy skin • Cyanotic (blue) lips • Change in breathing rate Symptoms • Pain in chest, radiating down left and possibly right arm • Possible pain in jaw, or shoulder blade(s) • Shortness of breath • Gastric reflux • Nausea • Denial Angina + Heart Attack

  10. How to help: • 3 Checks (Area, Responsiveness, EMS) • 3 H’s (Happened? Hurt? Medical History?) • Place person in comfortable position • Assist person to take prescribed medication • Treat for shock (WARTS) Angina + Heart Attack

  11. SIGNS • Possible slurred speech • One-sided paralysis • Loss of bladder/bowel control • Seizures A stroke results from a blockage of a blood vessel in the brain. SYMPTOMS • Possible disorientation and confusion • Possible blurred vision • Severe headache Stroke: Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

  12. TREATMENT • 3 Checks (Area, Responsiveness, EMS) • 3 H’s (Happened? Hurt? Medical History?) • Monitor level of consciousness • Monitor ABCD’s • Keep casualty calm, loosen tight clothing. Place in a comfortable position (semi-sitting). If conscious with loss of sensation: place in recovery position • Treat for SHOCK (WARTS) Stroke: Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

  13. TREATMENT • 3 C’s: • Check 1 (area) • Check 2 (responsiveness) • Check 3 (EMS) • Take charge and let the individual know you’re assisting • Stabilize & position casualty, having the casualty lean forward. Make sure you stabilize yourself as well. • Deliver 5 backblows • Using heel of rescuer’s hand • Deliver between shoulder blades Choking: The Conscious Casualty

  14. 5. Landmark for abdominal thrusts • Stand behind casualty • Place hands slightly above belly button • Make fist with 1 hand, thumb tucked in • Support thrusting fist with other hand • Deliver 5 abdominal thrusts • Deliver with force and intention of removing obstruction on 1st thrust • Use quick inward and upward thrusts Repeat from 4 below unit airway cleared or casualty unresponsive Choking: The ConsciousCasualty

  15. Choking casualty becomes unconscious. Follow these steps: • Protect head and neck from injury during their collapse • Call 9-1-1 and retrieve AED • 30 Chest compressions (check pulse before providing compressions) • Landmark in centreof chest - PUSH HARD + FAST! • Inspect mouth and open airway using head tilt, chin lift • Give 2 breaths – air enters lungs, check breathing • If breathing, seek medical attention • If NOT breathing perform CPR - Air does not enter lungs  reposition airway and attempt second breath • Treat for shock Choking: The Unconscious Casualty

  16. A seizure is caused by a chaotic burst of disorganized electrical activity in the brain. Absence seizure Signs • The casualty will stare into space and be temporarily unresponsive Symptoms • Pre-seizure Aura Poss. • Visual disturbances • Auditory disturbances Convulsions

  17. Partial Seizure Signs • Periods of automatic behaviour • Altered consciousness • Purposeful look, repetitive behaviour Symptoms • Pre-seizure Aura Poss. • Visual disturbances • Auditory disturbances Generalized Seizure Signs • Falling to the floor • Unconsciousness • Frothing from the mouth • Clenched, grinding teeth • Involuntary movements Symptoms • Pre-seizure Aura Poss. • Visual disturbances • Auditory disturbances Convulsions

  18. Pre-Seizure/during seizure care: • 3 Checks (Area, Responsiveness, EMS) • 3 H’s (Happened? Hurt? History? • Assist person to safe position • Provide protection (for head, if available) • Clear the area • Put nothing in mouth • Protect (do not restrain) the head or body After the seizure: • Normal for casualty to want to sleep • Treat for Shock (WARTS) • Perform on-going care while waiting for 911 Convulsions

  19. ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION Signs • Change in breathing (wheezing, coughing) • Change in pulse rate (weak, rapid pulse) • Hives, redness Symptoms • Itchy skin • Agitation, then confusion • Weakness • Dizziness, lethargy MINOR REACTION Signs • Watery eyes • Hives • Sneezing, runny nose • Localized swelling (minor allergic reaction) • Vomiting, diarrhea Symptoms • Itchy eyes • Breathing difficulty • Nausea Allergies

  20. How to Help Cbeck the area, responsiveness, and EMS. If you are able to communicate with the person, ask them what happened, how the person got hurt and their medical history. It is also good to make the casualty calm and maybe you can assist them with any medications, if available. After this step, you can treat for shock (WARTS), activate EMS immediately (if not done already), and lastly, monitor casualty. Allergies

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