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IPv6

IPv6. Internet Protocol Version 6. Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6). IPv6 solutions to IPv4 disadvantages IPv6 addressing IPv6 header DNS support for IPv6 Core protocols of IPv6 IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Differences between IPv4 and IPv6. Disadvantages of IPv4. Limited address space

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IPv6

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  1. IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6

  2. Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) • IPv6 solutions to IPv4 disadvantages • IPv6 addressing • IPv6 header • DNS support for IPv6 • Core protocols of IPv6 • IPv6 Neighbor Discovery • Differences between IPv4 and IPv6

  3. Disadvantages of IPv4 • Limited address space • Flat routing infrastructure • Configuration • Security • Quality of service (QoS) • Mobility

  4. IPv6 Solutions to IPv4 Disadvantages • Huge address space • Hierarchical routing infrastructure • Flexible header format • Improved options • Provision for protocol extensions • Automatic configuration and renumbering • Support for resource allocation • Built-in security • Better support for QoS • Built-in mobility

  5. Larger Address Space IPv4 • 32 bits or 4 bytes long 4,200,000,000 possible addressable nodes IPv6 • 128 bits or 16 bytes: four times the bits of IPv4 3.4 * 1038 possible addressable nodes 340,282,366,920,938,463,374,607,432,768,211,456 5 * 1028 addresses per person ~= ~= ~= ~=

  6. Version IHL Type of Service Total Length Version Traffic Class Flow Label Identification Flags Fragment Offset Payload Length Next Header Hop Limit Time to Live Protocol Header Checksum Source Address Source Address Destination Address Options Padding Destination Address IPv6 Header IPv4 Header IPv6 Header Field’s Name Kept from IPv4 to IPv6 Fields Not Kept in IPv6 Name and Position Changed in IPv6 New Field in IPv6 Legend

  7. Ethernet header IPv6 header Routing header Frag header Auth header ESP header TCP header Application data IPv6 Extension Header types • Routing Header • Fragmentation Header • Hop-by-Hop Options Header • Destinations Options Header • Authentication Header • Encrypted Security Payload Header

  8. Differences Between IPv4 and IPv6 Feature IPv4 IPv6 Address length 32 bits 128 bits Header size 20-60 bytes 40 bytes IPSec support Optional Required QoS support Some Better Fragmentation Hosts and routers Hosts only Checksum in header Yes No Options in header Yes No Link-layer address resolution ARP (broadcast) Multicast Neighbor Discovery Messages Multicast membership IGMP Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Router Discovery Optional Required Uses broadcasts? Yes No Configuration Manual, DHCP Automatic, DHCP DNS name queries Uses A records Uses AAAA records DNS reverse queries Uses IN-ADDR.ARPA Uses IP6.ARPA

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