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USC Upstate Writing Center Guide to Documentation

This comprehensive guide provides step-by-step instructions on how to properly document sources and avoid plagiarism. It offers tips on researching, note-taking, and integrating sources into your papers.

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USC Upstate Writing Center Guide to Documentation

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  1. USC Upstate Writing CenterGuide to Documentation Avoiding Plagiarism and Using Sources Effectively Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  2. Preparing to Document Sources • As you research, write down all necessary information for every source you consult. • For a book, you need to know… Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  3. Preparing to Document Sources • As you research, write down all necessary information for every source you consult. • For a work in an anthology, you need to know… Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  4. Preparing to Document Sources • As you research, write down all necessary information for every source you consult. • For an article, you need to know… Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  5. Preparing to Document Sources • As you research, write down all necessary information for every source you consult. • For a book or film review, you need to know… Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  6. Preparing to Document Sources • As you research, write down all necessary information for every source you consult. • For a film, you need to know… Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  7. Preparing to Document Sources • As you research, write down all necessary information for every source you consult. • For reference, see http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/humanities/english.html. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  8. Preparing to Document Sources • As you research, write down all necessary information for every source you consult. • Quiz yourself with Exercise MLA 4-3 at http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/writersref6e/Player/Pages/Main.aspx. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  9. Documentation and Note-Taking • Document sources as you take notes. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  10. Documentation and Note-Taking • Document sources as you take notes. • If you copy words directly from the source, put quotation marks around the words AS YOU TAKE NOTES Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  11. Documentation and Note-Taking • Document sources as you take notes. • If you copy words directly from the source, put quotation marks around the words AS YOU TAKE NOTES. • If you copy either direct quotes OR paraphrases or summaries, include a reference to the source and page number(s) AS YOU TAKE NOTES. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  12. Using Sources Effectively Test the value and credibility of your sources. • Does your source meet the standards of academic research? Is it written by experts and published in a peer-reviewed format? Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  13. Using Sources Effectively Test the value and credibility of your sources. • Does your source meet the standards of academic research? Is it written by experts and published in a peer-reviewed format? • If it is a primary source, can you verify its authenticity? Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  14. Using Sources Effectively Test the value and credibility of your sources. • Is the information from your source materially relevant and necessary to the claim or thesis you are arguing? Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  15. Using Sources Effectively Test the value and credibility of your sources. • Does the source help you show how original and important your argument is or does it just show that you read some sources? Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  16. Using Sources Effectively Test the value and credibility of your sources. • Is your source duplicating your argument or contributing to it? • If a source makes the same point as your thesis or topic sentence, you must change your argument. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  17. Using Sources Effectively Test the value and credibility of your sources. • Is your source duplicating your argument or contributing to it? • Do you engage with your source and use it to build a foundation for your own ideas? Do your ideas go one step further than theirs? Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  18. Integrate sources into your Paper • Paraphrase, summarize, or quote what you need to support YOUR argument. • If you do not need the exact words of the source, paraphrase or summarize the ideas instead. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  19. Integrate sources into your Paper • Paraphrase, summarize, or quote what you need to support YOUR argument. • If the exact words of the source are particularly effective or important, surround direct quotes with quotation marks, even for partial quotes. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  20. Integrate Sources into your Paper • Indicate your source (whether quoted or paraphrased) with signal phrases and parenthetical citations. • See Exercises MLA 3-1, 3-2, 4-1 at http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/writersref6e/Player/Pages/Main.aspx. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  21. Integrate Sources into your Paper • Indicate your source (whether quoted or paraphrased) with signal phrases and parenthetical citations. • Enter the full information for each source in your Works Cited page. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  22. Tips for Citing • Do not make the Works Cited a separate document; use Insert-Page Break before the Works Cited to make it a new page at the end of your document. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  23. Tips for Citing • Underlines and italics mean the same thing. Pick one and stick with it. • Which is which? Underline v. Quotation Marks? Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  24. Tips for Citing • Do not use tabs to make block quotes or indentations in your Works Cited page. • Use Format-Paragraph-Indentation-Special-HANGING for Works Cited lists. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  25. Tips for Citing • Do not use tabs to make block quotes or indentations in your Works Cited page. • For block quotes, use the Increase Indent button on the Formatting toolbar. Click twice for 1 inch. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  26. Integrate Sources into your Argument • Your words should surround the words or ideas of your sources. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  27. Integrate Sources into your Argument • Your words should surround the words or ideas of your sources. • Use signal phrases (“According to,” “XXX states,”) Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  28. Integrate Sources into your Argument • Your words should surround the words or ideas of your sources. • Avoid placing references to sources at the beginning or end of paragraphs. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  29. Integrate Sources into your Argument • Your words should surround the words or ideas of your sources. • Analyze or comment upon the source to tie it back to your argument. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  30. Integrate Sources into your Argument • Disagree, agree, offer counter examples, argue, highlight, praise then expand upon the source to tie it back to your argument. • See examples at http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/writersref6e/lmcontent/ch07/PDF/Hacker-Sanchez-MLA-Ana-Txt.pdf. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  31. Document your Sources in the Works Cited • Include a Works Cited entry for every source you cite. • Do not include a Works Cited entry for sources you only consulted. • See Exercise MLA 4-4 at http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/writersref6e/Player/Pages/Main.aspx. Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  32. Guide to Documentation • How do I…? Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  33. Guide to Documentation • Any questions? Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  34. Guide to Documentation • Contact the Writing Center for tutoring appointments. • 864-503-5883 • HPAC 136 Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

  35. THANK YOU! USC Upstate Writing Center Guide to Documentation Compiled by Dr. Celena E. Kusch, Fall 2007

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