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Narrative Strategies in SLA

Narrative Strategies in SLA. Robb Kvasnak Florida Atlantic University Linguistics, Dr. Stayc DuBravac Fall 2004. What is it? What is its role in language acquisition? Who uses it? When do they use it?. Is its role the same for all students? Is it culturally defined or influenced?.

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Narrative Strategies in SLA

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  1. Narrative Strategies in SLA Robb Kvasnak Florida Atlantic University Linguistics, Dr. Stayc DuBravac Fall 2004

  2. What is it? What is its role in language acquisition? Who uses it? When do they use it? Is its role the same for all students? Is it culturally defined or influenced? Private Speech

  3. Development of private speech as a tool starts as an interpersonal process and only then becomes intrapersonal Adults continue to access object-, other- and self-regulation 1896 – 1934 Lev Semeonovich Vygotsky

  4. Vygotsky’s ZPD

  5. William Frawley James Lantolf Two Vygotskyan Researchers

  6. Principle of Continuous Access • Object regulation • Other regulation • Self regulation Adults continue to access object- and other-regulation in cognizing difficult tasks Use depends on the difficulty of a task – because each form is connected to specific tools

  7. Researching Use • Fawley & Lantolf looked at 4 points in analyzing the type of regulation used: 1) macrostructure 2) tense and aspect 3) reference 4) affective markers • They assigned specific usage to each point, e.g. use of the past to indicate a distancing of events, an object-regulated use

  8. Their findings First: “There are no absolute differences between second language and native speakers, as is often assumed to be the case in many studies which purport to compare native and second language performance”

  9. Their findings • Second: “An individual never actually becomes an adult to remain an adult.” • Third: “… errors may not be errors as such, but may well represent a speaker’s attempt to gain control of a task.”

  10. Their findings • Fourth: All communication strategies can be divided into other-regulation, object-regulation and self-regulation. Ergo, “speaking is the exercise of control of objects, of others, and of self.”

  11. Steven G. McCafferty Deeply interested in the development of private speech Carried out replication research in a similar form as Frawley & Lantolf Differentiating

  12. Differentiating • Vygotsky sees development as dialectic and not linear • Cites DiPietro: the learner has to find a “voice” in the target language • Cites Appel: native speakers use more private speech in retelling an expository article than a narrative text

  13. Differentiatiing • McCafferty points out that people of different cultural backgrounds use varying degrees of private speech • Cites Ahmed: not all of the items used by Frawley and Lantolf necessarily correspond to specific forms of regulation in all cases

  14. This Study • Will ask subjects to narrate 2 series of pictures – one in their mother tongue, the other in L2 • Aims at exploring the differences they use in L1 and L2 • Will compare their narrative strategies with those of other culture groups

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