The New England Colonies

1. The New England Colonies Chapter 4, Section 1 • Why did the Puritans decide to leave England? • What problems in Massachusetts colony caused people to leave?  • Why were the Puritans and Native Americans at war? • Why were towns and villages important in New England life?

2. The Puritans Decide to Leave England Chapter 4, Section 1 Who were the Puritans? • A religious group who had hoped to reform the Church of England Why did they leave England? • The king disapproved of Puritans and their ideas, canceled Puritan business charters, and had some Puritans jailed. • They believed that England had fallen on “evil and declining times.” • They wanted to build a new society based on biblical laws and teachings.

3. Who Left? For Where? Why? Results Thomas Hooker Founded Connecticut He thought the governor and other officials such as the General Court had too much power. He established a colony with strict limits on government. Settlers wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. Problems in Massachusetts Caused People to Leave Chapter 4, Section 1 General Court—Massachusetts assembly elected by male church members Fundamental Orders of Connecticut—a plan of government that gave all male property owners the right to vote, not just church members, and limited the governor’s power

4. Who Left? For Where? Why? Results Roger Williams Settled in Rhode Island He believed that the Puritan church had too much power. He set up a colony where church and state were completely separate. He fostered religious tolerance. Anne Hutchinson Fled to Rhode Island She questioned the Puritan church’s teachings; she was tried and ordered out of the colony. She later became a symbol of the struggle for religious freedom. religious tolerance—willingness to let others practice their own beliefs. Problems in Massachusetts Caused People to Leave Chapter 4, Section 1

5. Puritans and Native Americans Fought Over Land Chapter 4, Section 1 • As more colonists settled in New England, they began to take over more Native American lands. • By 1670 nearly 45,000 settlers were living in New England. • In 1675, Chief Metacom (King Philip) and the Wampanoag Indians destroyed 12 towns and killed more than 600 settlers.

6. Towns and Villages Were Important in New England Life Chapter 4, Section 1 • In the center of each village was the common, an open field where the settlers’ cattle grazed. • The Puritans worshiped in the village meeting house. They took their Sabbath, or holy day of rest, seriously. • Settlers gathered at the meeting house for town meetings, where they discussed and voted on issues. • Some towns became important centers of trade and shipbuilding.

7. Section 1 Assessment Chapter 4, Section 1 The Puritans established Massachusetts Bay Colony to build a new society a) that would expand the Church of England. b) where church members and nonchurch members alike could vote. c) based on their views of biblical laws and teachings. d) where church and state were completely separate. Which statement is NOT true of the New England Colonies? a) Settlers spoke their minds at town meetings. b) Fishing and shipbuilding were important economic activities. c) Religion had an important influence on colonial life. d) Farmers plowed broad, fertile fields to grow wheat.

8. Section 1 Assessment Chapter 4, Section 1 The Puritans established Massachusetts Bay Colony to build a new society a) that would expand the Church of England. b) where church members and nonchurch members alike could vote. c) based on their views of biblical laws and teachings. d) where church and state were completely separate. Which statement is NOT true of the New England Colonies? a) Settlers spoke their minds at town meetings. b) Fishing and shipbuilding were important economic activities. c) Religion had an important influence on colonial life. d) Farmers plowed broad, fertile fields to grow wheat.