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A Time To Review

This review covers the historical events of the cancellation of the Avro Arrow, the impact of the Auto Pact on Canada's economy, the St. Lawrence Seaway project, the debt crisis, UN missions, and Canada's involvement in conflicts such as the Persian Gulf, Yugoslavia/Kosovo, Somalia, and Rwanda. It raises the question of the future of the UN in light of its failures in peacekeeping missions.

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A Time To Review

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  1. FROM AUTO PACT TO RWANDA A Time To Review Strap on your Seatbelts I just love to review! Don’t you?

  2. Avro Arrow • State of the Art Jet: Designed to intercept USSR Planes if they invade Canada/USA • Cancelled by Diefenbaker in 1959 due to high costs Benefits for Canada: -Scraps the Avro Arrow (expensive) -Instead, USA allows Canada to have Bomarc nuclear missiles stationed in Canada. (To intercept USSR) -Instead of exploding over Canadian cities, could stop USSR higher in the arctic.

  3. Auto Pact Strengthened Relationship Economically. • January 16, 1965, Canada–United States Auto Pact signed by PM & US President. • American Car Companies set up Branch plants in Canada. • Eliminated tariffs on Vehicles and Parts • For every car sold in Canada, one had to be built in Canada. • 1968, 60% of Canadian vehicles made were shipped to the United States, and 40% of the vehicles purchased in Canada were made in the United States The agreement benefited Canadian workers and consumers: • Lower prices & larger selection of cars. • Created thousands of jobs in the automobile industry.

  4. St. Lawrence Seaway Strengthened Relationship Economically. • Link Atlantic Ocean and Great lakes • Joint Canada-US project began • 1954-59 *Major feat of Engineering: Locks dams, Canals, islands created/destroyed, Rapids blown up. *Showed that the USA and Canada could work together to better their economies. *Partnership created.

  5. DEBT CRISIS How each government dealt with the growing federal debt…

  6. UN MISSIONS PEACE KEEPING PEACE MAKING Negotiating settlements and keeping warring groups apart. Use force to punish aggressors

  7. PERSIAN GULF: KUWAIT • When: 1990 – • Where: Iraq invades oil-rich Kuwait. • Action Taken: 1991 – UN invasion led by USA (Operation Desert Storm) Drew a line in the sand. • Response: Saddam withdraws troops • Outcome: Kuwait remains its own country, but second gulf war comes later. • So what: USE: only superpower left. Dominates world affairs. Canada’s Role in Desert Storm: Squadron of CF-18 Fighter Bombers, Units of the Canadian Army, and ships in Canadian Navy patrol the Persian Gulf.

  8. YUGOSLAVIA / KOSOVO When: 1991 Where: Serbia/Bosnia Background: Slobodan Milosovic wants to unite Serbians from surrounding areas and strengthen control over all of Yugoslavia. Ethnic Groups: Serbs/Croats/Muslims in Bosnia-Herzegovina take offence. Fighting ensues Action Taken: 1992 – UN arrives. Cannot keep peace. NATO steps in. 1995- NATO Strikes Serbian Forces in Yugoslav army. Causes ceasefire; US troops sent to help UN peacekeepers.

  9. BUT IT DOESN’T END THERE… NATO BOMBING IN KOSOVO • Background: Kosovo:1998: Serbs move into Kosovo. To ensure it will remain under Serb Control. • Milosevic's Actions: Army Murders/Persecutes/Displaces Albanians. • Most in Kosovo = Albanian Muslims. • NATO responds: Air Strikes bomb Yugoslavia. • Significance: Canada involved in the controversial mission - undermined the UN. Led Canadians to question the need for the UN and whether NATO should have undermined it.

  10. SOMALIA • Background: UN Launches “Operation Restore Hope” • Canadian troops give food/supplies to locals Controversy: Canadians Torture/Beat a Somali teen to death. Cover-up is uncovered. Canada is disgraced. Significance: In 1995 – Airborne Regiment Disbanded. Canadian reputation is damaged.

  11. RWANDA • GO OUT AND RENT HOTEL RWANDA • Background: HUTU VS TUTSI • Genocide: HUTU Mass planned killings (with Machetes) of Tutsis. • UN Response: UN Peacekeepers sent Under Canadian Major General Romeo Dallaire. • Required a massive UN force in order to stop the conflict. USA won’t send help. UN allows 260 soldiers to help. • UN Soldiers instructed not to shoot anyone. • Result: Failures in Perian Gulf, Yugoslavia, Africa cause people to wonder what the future of the UN will be. * Estimated number of victims of the genocide 1,174,000 in 100 days (10,000 murdered every day, 400 every hour, 7 every minute). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-gpw4COogo&feature=related

  12. A Question To You • DOES THE WORLD STILL NEED THE UN? • WITH THE FAILURE OF SOME UN PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS WHAT WILL THE FUTURE OF THE ORGANIZATION BE? UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon

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