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History of the English Language

History of the English Language. The Beautiful, Masterful Tongue. Origins of English. England (Briton) has been inhabited for 50,000 years, yet English has been spoken for only 1,500. Around 1500 -500 B.C.: Celts are the first Indo European speakers in England.

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History of the English Language

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  1. History of the English Language The Beautiful, Masterful Tongue

  2. Origins of English • England (Briton) has been inhabited for 50,000 years, yet English has been spoken for only 1,500. • Around 1500 -500 B.C.: Celts are the first Indo European speakers in England. • What do we mean by Indo-European? • Languages/dialects which cover a large part of Europe and part of Asia.

  3. Based on the graph below, what kind of Germanic tongue is English?

  4. What happened to the English Language as it came into contact with other cultures? • Grimm’s Law: A statement of the relationship between certain consonants in Germanic languages and their originals in Indo-European. • Over time, a language becomes softer due to the softening of the consonant sounds.

  5. For example…identify this OE text • Fæder ure þu þe eart on heofonum; • Si þin nama gehalgod • to becume þin rice • gewurþe ðin willa • on eorðan swa swa on heofonum. • urne gedæghwamlican hlaf syle us todæg • and forgyf us ure gyltas • swa swa we forgyfað urum gyltendum • and ne gelæd þu us on costnunge • ac alys us of yfele soþlice

  6. The Lord’s Prayer in Middle English • Oure fadir that art in heuenes, halewid be thi name; thi kyndoom come to; be thi wille don in erthe as in heuene: gyue to us this dai oure breed ouer othir substaunce; and forgyue to us oure dettis, as we forgyuen to oure gettouris; and lede us not in to temptacioun, but delyuere us fro yuel.

  7. Fæder ure þu þe eart on heofonum; Si þin nama gehalgod to becume þin rice gewurþe ðin willa on eorðan swa swa on heofonum. urne gedæghwamlican hlaf syle us todæg and forgyf us ure gyltas swa swa we forgyfað urum gyltendum and ne gelæd þu us on costnunge ac alys us of yfele soþlice Oure fadir that art in heuenes, halewid be thi name; thi kyndoom come to; be thi wille don in erthe as in heuene: gyue to us this dai oure breed ouer othir substaunce; and forgyue to us oure dettis, as we forgyuen to oure gettouris; and lede us not in to temptacioun, but delyuere us fro yuel. What do you notice about the spellings and the sounds between Old English vs. Middle English?

  8. Society of Old English Period • Society was founded on a comitatus (friendly) relationship between a • A. Lord (King, owner of land) • B. Thane(theign): a man ranked between earl (man of noble rank) and ordinary freeman.

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