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WOMEN and INVENTIONS Rita Assogna

WOMEN and INVENTIONS Rita Assogna. What is an invention?. The creation of a new device, process, or product resulting from study and experimentation Synonyms: innovation, excogitation, conception, design

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WOMEN and INVENTIONS Rita Assogna

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  1. WOMEN and INVENTIONSRita Assogna

  2. What is an invention? • The creation of a new device, process, or productresulting from study and experimentation • Synonyms: innovation, excogitation, conception, design • Some inventions represent a "quantum leap" in science or technology which extends the boundaries of human knowledge and can change the way people live. • Legal protection can usually be granted to an invention by way of a patent

  3. n What is a patent ? A patent gives its owner the right to prevent others from commercially using his invention during a limited period of maximum 20 years. Patents are granted for technical innovations such as products, methods and applications that are industrially applicable.

  4. What are the patentability criteria ? To be patentable, an invention must have: • a technical character and improve the current know-how (state of the art). • it may be a product, a product use, a process or an apparatus, e.g. transistor, new use of an aspirin against heart disease, cholesterol reducing butter etc. Three main criteria for patentability: • Novelty - not ever published or shown to the public • Inventivestep - technical solution to a problem • Industrial applicability

  5. What rights does the patent owner have ? • The patent owner has the right to decide who may or may not use the patented invention. • The patent owner may give permission to - license - other parties to use the invention. • The patent owner may sell the right of the invention to someone else.

  6. What are the benefits of patents ? Patents help to: • advance technology from its current state, e.g. new medicine • avoid waste of human and financial resources when inventions are published • avoid duplication of research in industry and universities

  7. What happens once a patent expires ? • The protection ends • The patented invention enters the public domain • The patent owner no longer holds exclusive rights to the invention • The patent becomes available for commercial exploitation by others

  8. Who grants patents in the world ? A patent is granted by: • a national patent office, e.g. USPO, JPPO • a regional patent office that does the work for a number of countries, e.g. the European Patent Office (31 countries) At present no "world patent" nor "international patent" nor "European community patent" exists

  9. Which are the member states of the EPO ? European Patent Organisation Member states

  10. LU,PT IE Others (EPO) 77; 1% 74; 1% SE 212; 3% DK CH 131; 2% 74; 1% RO 66; 1% GR 76; 1% 154; 2% AT 238; 4% ES 377; 6% DE 1648; 27% BE 387; 6% IT 458; 7% GB 527; 8% FR 1110; 19% NL 664 ; 10,5% Staff breakdown at EPO by nationality - 2006 European Patent Organisation 33% female 67% male

  11. WOMEN and INVENTIONS

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