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Understanding the Internet: From Web Basics to HTML, JavaScript, and Beyond

This comprehensive guide explores the intricacies of the Internet, detailing how websites function and the technologies that power them. Learn about essential protocols like HTTP, the role of domain names and DNS, and the fundamentals of HTML and JavaScript. Discover the servers and programming languages behind dynamic sites, as well as the evolution of the web from ARPANET to Web 2.0. Through practical examples, this resource is ideal for beginners and those looking to deepen their understanding of web technologies.

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Understanding the Internet: From Web Basics to HTML, JavaScript, and Beyond

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  1. Web Internet, Http, Html, JavaScript PREPARED BY

  2. Agenda • 이야기들…인터넷, 주소, 도메인네임 • 도대체 How 웹사이트 Works? • What are HTML, JavaScript, Flash • Overview of Service-Side Technologies

  3. 인터넷 이야기… • Inter-Networking 의 준말 • TCP/IP라는 규약에 의해 주고 받는 공개 컴퓨터 통신망 • 1960~1970 미국국방성(DoD) 시작, ARPANET 통신망으로 시작 • 대표적 프로토콜/서비스: Email(SMTP,POP3), FTP, Telnet, Http(=WWW,Web) … • Http는 html을 주고 받는 프로토콜, 가장 대중적인 서비스 • Version 1.0 – 1996년, Version 1.1 – 1999년 • Web Browsers: Internet Explorer, Firefox, Netscape Navigator, Safari, Opera…

  4. 주소(IP address) 이야기… • DNS (Domain Name Service) • 도메인네임 <-> 네트워크 주소(숫자) : 네트워크는 숫자의 연산으로 이루어지기때문… • Ping – IP로 특정 컴퓨터(호스트) 도달 여부 테스트 도구 • 흔히 네트워크 주소를 알기위해 쓰이기도 함 • Port • Web=80, FTP=21, Email=25…

  5. 도메인네임 이야기… • 넓은 의미: 네트워크상의 컴퓨터 식별하는 호스트명 • 좁은 의미: Domain Registrar에 등록된 이름 • “웹주소”아 아님 • ICANN: 국제 인터넷 주소자원 관리 기관: • DNS 기술적 관리, IP address 관리,root server… • TLD : Top Level Domain (com, org, edu, mil…) • Price: ex.)Business.com($7.5m in 1999), diamond.com($7.5m in 2006), Pizza.com($2.6m in 2008, $20 in 1994), Newhope.us(?)

  6. How WWW Works 1. Type URL/domain name 2. Get IP address for the domain name DNS Server 3. Send a web request data through all the routers 7. Get all the web files and render a page using html on web browser 4. Receive a web request data 6. Returns all the web files and generated data 5. Translate a web request and get necessary web files (html, images, flash files…)

  7. What Html Looks Like <html> <head>Usually put title</head> <body> <h2>My first webpage!</h2> <p> Welcome to my cool web site </p> <table> <tr><td>Col1</td><td>col2</td></tr> <tr><td>New</td><td>Hope</td></tr> </table> </body> </html>

  8. Web Page Objects/Elements • Window • Document • Form • Controls

  9. Request Methods: POST vs. GET • GET • - Send data in URL (It’s called “query string”.) • - Used when sending small data • POST • - Send data in separate section • - Used when sending large amount of data <form action=“submit.php” method=“post”> Email: <input name=“ToEmailAddress”> <br /> Message: <textarea name=“Message”></textarea><br /> <input type=“submit” value=“Send Message”> </form>

  10. JavaScript • Document Object Model • Any elements on page can be controlled by JavaScript • Inside <Script> tag • Inside event attributes such as “onclick”, “onload” • Can include external JavaScript file

  11. Server-Side Script • Provides Dynamic Content Web Site • Can be connected to database system • CGI in Perl • JSP (Java Server Pages by Sun Microsystems) • Cold Fusion ( Macromedia/Adobe) • ASP (Active Server Page by Microsoft) • ASP.NET (1.1, 2.0, 3.0, 3.5) by Microsoft • PHP (Open Source) • More….

  12. What is Web 2.0? • 유저들이 생산하는 콘텐츠 • 데이타 공유 • 영원한 베타 • 기술면: css, xhtml, Ajax, RSS, 간결한 URL, 블로그, 디자인특징 • 예: Google, Flickr, Wikipedia,

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