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This lecture explores the fundamentals of waste and vent systems in architecture, focusing on the sizing procedures crucial for effective bathroom design. Key topics include siphon action, venting techniques to prevent sewer gas backflow, and strategies for efficient layout of plumbing systems. The presentation covers important design considerations for accessibility (ADA compliance), including fixture heights, grab bars, and acoustical privacy. Participants will learn to calculate drainage fixture units (DFU), determine slope requirements for horizontal drains, and adjust designs for optimal performance and compliance.
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Technology in Architecture Lecture 15 Waste & Vent Systems Waste & Vent Sizing Procedure Bathroom Design
Fundamentals Siphon action can drain water Trap blocks sewer gas Vent breaks siphon S: p. 1006, F.22.8
Air Gaps Eliminate the potential for cross contamination S: p. 1009, F.22.11
Vents and Stacks Note: Drain fittings are 45º Individual vents Circuit vents Soil stack Vent stack Stack vent “Wet stack” Vent through roof (VTR) S: p. 1008, F.22.10
Drains & Sewers Note: Drain fittings are 45º House drain House sewer Storm drain Clean outs House traps Fresh air inlet S: p. 1007, F.22.9
1. Identify waste & soil locations Clusters are more efficient S: p. 1014, F.22.17
2. Layout system vertically & horizontally Grouped fixtures can be stacked in a vertical riser S: p. 1027, F.22.31
3. Size Traps Trap size is used when connecting to main S: p. 1017, T.22.2
4. Calculate Drainage Fixture Units (DFU) Pipe sizes based on DFU S: p. 1017, T.22.2.2
5. Determine loads Fixture location may control size S: p. 1022, F.22.24
6. Determine slope and size of horizontal drains Slope may be constrained by depth of floor cavity S: p. 1020, T.22.5
7. Verify maximum vent length Measured from plans S: p. 1022, F.22.24
8. Size vents according to DFU and length Calculate for each vent load and developed length S: p. 1019, T.22.4
9. Verify space requirements and adjust design Common adjustments • “Wet” walls 6” cavity • Slope and ceiling exposure • Cleanout access
Design Considerations ADA compliance • ANSI Standard A117.1 1986 • Wheel chair access • Grab bars • Counter top/fixture heights Visual privacy Acoustical privacy