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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. Function- ensure continuation of species by producing gametes and hormones Male Female. Male Reproductive System. Scrotum Testes Epididymis Vas Deferens Glands Seminal Vesicles Prostate Gland Bulbourethral Glands Urethra (in Penis) Penis Glans Penis.

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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

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  1. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM • Function- ensure continuation of species by producing gametes and hormones • Male • Female

  2. Male Reproductive System • Scrotum • Testes • Epididymis • Vas Deferens • Glands • Seminal Vesicles • Prostate Gland • Bulbourethral Glands • Urethra (in Penis) • Penis • Glans Penis

  3. Female Reproductive System • Ovaries • Fimbrae • Fallopian Tubes (oviduct) • Uterus • Cervix • Vagina • Vulva • Clitoris

  4. Menstrual Cycle • Usually 28 days in length • Occurs in females • 4 phases: • Follicular • Ovulation • Luteal • Menstruation

  5. Follicular Phase • Follicle (cluster of cells surrounding an egg) helps egg mature • FSH (Follicle Stimulation Hormone) & LH (Lutenizing Hormone) are increased- help egg mature • Estrogen is low, but increases to cause uterine lining to thicken

  6. Ovulation • Process when egg is released from follicle • Egg travels through Fallopian tube (it can be fertilized here) • Increased levels of FSH & LH

  7. Luteal Phase • Ruptured follicle turns yellow (Corpus Luteum) • Estrogen and Progesterone are released to complete lining development • During first 2 days, increased chance of pregnancy

  8. If egg is NOT fertilized…Menstruation • Egg and Corpus Luteum will disintegrate • Estrogen and Progesterone levels decrease causing lining to detach (menstruation) • Low estrogen levels trigger stimulation of FSH & LH to start process again

  9. If egg IS fertilized…Pregnancy • Egg is fertilized by sperm in the Fallopian tube • Zygote implants into wall of uterus • Hormones continue to be released to keep lining and start baby’s development

  10. Fertilization & Development • Zygote/Embryo implants into uterine wall, cells begin to divide • By 3rd week, placenta forms (organ by which mother and child exchange gases and nutrients)

  11. Development • By 3 months, most of the baby’s major organs have formed

  12. Development • At about 4 months or so, the mother starts to visibly look pregnant

  13. Childbirth • After 9 months, child is fully developed and ready to be born • Oxytocin (hormone) released causes contraction of uterine walls • Cervix dilates (opens) • Amniotic sac breaks (“water breaks”) • Uterus contracts to push baby out through the vagina • The “after-birth” follows- placenta, amniotic sac, umbilical cord still attached

  14. BABY!!!

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