Unit 3

1. Unit 3 By: Sydney Eaker, Lauren David, Parker Stone, Lauren Wallace, Sarah Neely, and Khiala Myers

2. Product/Service Management 3.01 A, B, and C

3. Product/Service Management • A marketing function that involves obtaining, developing, maintaining and improving a product.

4. Factors affecting Product/Service Management • Customer Needs and Wants • Company Goals and Strategies • Cost and Available Resources • Competition • Product Itself • Government Regulation • Stages in Life Cycle • Business and Economic Trends

5. Benefits • Offer products consumers want and company’s profits increase • When developing the right products, a company can gain new customers • When products are well managed there is less of a chance for failure

6. The Role in Marketing • Affects positioning of product • Improves product success • Gives product an image

7. 3 Main Phases • Developing New Products • Monitoring Existing Products • Eliminate Weak Products

8. Product Life Cycle • represents the stages that a product goes through during its life • 4 Stages: • Introduction • Growth • Maturity • Decline

9. Product life cycle What are good examples of the stages?

10. Goals of Introduction Stage • Increase Product Awareness • Get the Customers attention with promotion • Lots of Special Promotions

11. Growth Stage • Customers are aware of product, sales increase • Companies focus on customer satisfaction • Competition starts from other companies

12. Maturity and Decline Stage • Maturity • The product’s sales level off. More money is spent on competition during this stage. • Decline • Sales start to decline. A company must decide to alter the product, discount, or discontinue product.

13. Technology • Point-of-Sale Systems • Interactive Touch Screen Computer

14. Technology • Interactive TV • Customer Relationship Management

15. Technology • Enterprise Resource Planning Systems • Internet

16. Technology • Mass customization is a technologically advanced method that allows businesses to produce products that are specialized for a very few customers.

17. Ethical Packaging 3.01 D

18. Ethical Product Packaging • Why do you think companies package and label their products? • Creates a good impression, Help sell product, and Communicate benefits

19. Packaging Concerns • Product Safety • Glass now plastic • Tamper-resistant packages • Airtight containers for foods • Wasteful packaging • Switching for spray cans and pumps

20. Label Information • Must have name of manufactures • Quantity of contents

21. Label Information • Nutritional Information • Health claims are the same on all products; light, fat free, etc.

22. Label Information • Warnings on products like alcohol and cigarettes • How to care for clothes

23. Ethical Labeling • What happens when a company fails to inform customers about product risks? • Company can get sued • Harm to Customer • Planned Obsolescence • Making products that are known to not last long, or change, so that people will need to replace them

24. 3.02

25. Competitive Advantage • the set of unique features of a company and its products that are perceived by the target market as significant and superior to the competition Multiple Products designed to integrate -Competitive Advantage

26. Positioning • developing a specific marketing mix to influence potential customers’ overall perception of a brand, product line or organization in general.

27. Purpose of Positioning • Used to find a place for the product in the marketplace and distinguish the product from competitors • Actual Position • How the customers see the product • The position and the actual position is the product are the same, IF MARKETING HAS BEEN SUCCESSFUL.

28. Relationship between the Target Market and Positioning • The objective is for marketers to position their products to appeal to the desires and perceptions of a target market.

29. Relationship between Competition and Positioning • It is important to use positioning to your advantage. You want to position your product so that customers will continue to purchase from you rather than the competition.   • The pricing, promotion, product development, and distribution strategies are all planned with an eye toward the competition.

30. Market Position • unique image of a product or service in a consumer’s mind relative to similar competitive offerings.

31. 6 Bases For Positioning: • Attibute- one way of positioning a product is to highlight a product feature or attribute. • Price and Quality – this position strategy may stress high price as a sign of quality, or emphasize low price as an indication of value. • Use or Application – stressing unique uses or applications can be an effective means of positioning a product.

32. 6 Bases Cont. • Product User – this positioning strategy encourages use of a product or service by associating a personality or type of user with the product. • Product Classification – when positioning according to product class, the objective is to associate the product with a particular category of products. • Competitor – sometimes marketers make an effort to demonstrate how they are positioned against the competitors that hold a strong market position.

33. Positioning Strategies revolve around 3 areas • Consumer perception – are the images consumers have of competing goods and services in the marketplace. • Competitors in the marketplace – The ideal situation is when consumers perceive a business’ products to be superior to its competitors’ products or services. • Changes in the business environment – organizations need to be aware of changes in the business environment that might affect the position of their products or services.

34. Brand Name Should: • Describe the product’s benefits and uses • Be easy to read, pronounce, and remember • Create appealing images • Be distinctive • Be adaptable • Be legally available for use • Be appropriate for packaging and advertising

35. Levels of Brand Loyalty • Brand Recognition – is when consumers become aware of a brand and recognize the brand. • Brand Preference – when consumers prefer to purchase a certain product brand based on their positive experience with the brand. • Brand Insistence – when the consumer insists on “their” brand and will not accept substitutes.

36. Brand Strategies • Brand Positioning – means the way consumers see the brand as compared to a competitive brand. • Brand extension – in which an existing brand name is used for a new or improved product line. Starbucks extends its coffee line to include ice cream and candy bars.

37. Brand Strategies Cont. • Brand licensing - allows one company to use its brand name, logo, or character for a fee. • For example, NFL Teams allow logo to be used on merchandise • Co-branding. – occurs when companies join forces to increase recognition, customer loyalty, and sales of both brands. • For example, United Airlines and VISA combine brands for a credit card.

38. International Branding • Marketers must research their brands to determine whether they would be acceptable in different countries. • How would the brand be pronounced in Italian, Spanish, German, etc. • Is the brand name culturally taboo in certain areas of the world?

39. Impact of Internet on Branding • MUST have a web presence to be successful. • Most companies must determine what URLs are available. They need to have web addresses that represent their brands. • It is also more common for companies to promote their product using social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter.

40. Forms of Branding • A brand is a design, name, symbol, term or word that distinguishes and identifies a company and/or products or services • A corporate brand represents the entire company or organization • For example, Coca-Cola, Ford, McDonalds, Kraft or Microsoft

41. Forms of Branding • A product brand represents a specific product of a company or organization • For example, Diet Vanilla Coke, Big Mac, or Windows XP

42. Forms of Branding • A private distributor brand, also called a store brand • For example, Radio Shack brand of batteries, Lowe’s brand of macaroni and cheese

43. Trade Character • Personified symbol that represents the brand name

44. 3.03

45. Product Mix • All the types of products a company makes or sells • Some companies have different brands for different markets • Coca-Cola has different drinks for sparkling beverages, water, juice, performance, coffee, tea, and international flavors.

46. Reasons to Narrow Product Mix • Product Width – number of different product lines • CONTRACTING • Ease on management • Cost effective • Simplicity • Consistency

47. Reasons to Broaden Product Mix • Product Width – number of different product lines • EXPANDING • Reach all markets • Competitive advantage • Ex: Red Lobster specializes in seafood, but offers chicken and steak to broaden their product mix.

48. Reasons to Deepen Product Mix • Product Depth – number of items offered within each product line • EXPANDING • Variety • Quantity Ex: Kohl’s carries various quantities of sizes, colors, & styles of Levi Jeans.

49. Reasons to Offer to Shallow Product Mix • Product Depth – number of items offered within each product line • CONTRACTING • Cost effective • Satisfy small markets

50. Importance of Product Mix • Businesses must plan their product mix carefully because they cannot offer all the products that customers may want. • They should be a profitable market for product offered by a company