1 / 10

Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases. Unit 10 – Honor’s. Base. Acid. Salt. Water. Electrolyte pH near 7. pH below 7. pH above 7. Sour taste. Bitter taste. Reacts with metals and bases. Reacts with fats and oils and acids. electrolyte. electrolyte. pH is a measure of the amount of hydronium ion.

delano
Télécharger la présentation

Acids and Bases

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Acids and Bases Unit 10 – Honor’s

  2. Base Acid Salt Water Electrolyte pH near 7 pH below 7 pH above 7 Sour taste Bitter taste Reacts with metals and bases Reacts with fats and oils and acids electrolyte electrolyte Lincoln Park High School

  3. pH is a measure of the amount of hydronium ion. • pH = -log[concentration H+] • [10-1M HCl] ; pH = 1 • [10-2M HCl] ; pH = 2 • [10-3M HCl] ; pH = 3 • [10-4M HCl] ; pH = 4 • [10-5M HCl] ; pH = 5 • [10-6M HCl] ; pH = 6 • [10-7M HCl] ; pH = 7 Lincoln Park High School

  4. pOH is a measure of the amount of hydroxide ion. • pOH = -log[concentration OH-] • [10-1M NaOH] ; pOH = 1 • [10-2M NaOH] ; pOH = 2 • [10-3M NaOH] ; pOH = 3 • [10-4M NaOH] ; pOH = 4 • [10-5M NaOH] ; pOH = 5 • [10-6M NaOH] ; pOH = 6 • [10-7M NaOH] ; pOH = 7 Lincoln Park High School

  5. pH and pOH These are log rhythmic scales! Each number is a power of 10 10-1 = 0.1 10-2 = 0.01 10-3 = 0.001 10-4 = 0.0001 10-5 = 0.00001 10-6 = 0.000001 Lincoln Park High School

  6. pH is how much acid.What is pOH? pOH is how much base, the more base the lower the pOH Since pH = -log[H+] less is more! The smaller the pH, the less negative is the exponent. Smaller pOH = smaller Negative exponent! Lincoln Park High School

  7. Naming Acids. Binary Acids: ex: HCl, HBr, HSe Hydro _________ ic acid Oxyacids ex: H2SO4, H3PO4, HNO3 ______________ ic acid Or ex: H2SO3, H3PO3, HNO2 ______________ ous acid selen brom chlor phosphor sulfur nitr sulfur phosphor nitr Lincoln Park High School

  8. How can you tell if you have an acid? • The first symbol in the formula are H … Hydronium ion is in acids. Cl H O S H2SO4 = sulfuric acid O O H H HCl = Hydrochloric acid Lincoln Park High School O

  9. O H O O H H How can you tell if you have a base? • The last two symbols in the formula are OH … Hydroxides are bases. Na Ca NaOH = sodium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 = calcium hydroxide Lincoln Park High School

  10. What is Kw? • Kw is an equilibrium expression for the dissociation of water. • [H3O+][OH-] = 10-14 • In a solution of 0.01M HCl, all the HCl dissociates, [H+] = 0.01M. What is the concentration of OH-? [OH-] = 10-12 M • [ H3O+ ][ OH- ] = 10-14 10-14 0.01M 0.01M Lincoln Park High School

More Related