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IDENTITY AND NATIONALISM

October 2012. IDENTITY AND NATIONALISM. Identity, a definition. Identity may be defined as the distinctive characteristic belonging to any given individual, or shared by all members of a particular social category or group.

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IDENTITY AND NATIONALISM

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  1. October 2012 IDENTITY AND NATIONALISM

  2. Identity, a definition Identity may be defined as the distinctive characteristic belonging to any given individual, or shared by all members of a particular social category or group. The term comes from the Latin noun identitas, derived from the adjective idem meaning "the same". The term thus emphasises the sharing of a degree of sameness or oneness with others in a particular area or on a given point.

  3. National Identity National identity is a person's identity and sense of belonging to one state or to one nation, a feeling one shares with a group of people, regardless of one's citizenship status. National identity is not inborn trait; a person's national identity is a direct result of the presence of elements from the "common points" in people's daily lives: national symbols, language, national colours, the nation's history, national consciousness, blood ties, culture, music, media, cuisine, etc.

  4. Ethnic group = a human population sharing historic memories and a myth of common descent. Most often, it is also endowed with a unique, distinguishable culture and a set of specific customs. [In the US, it refers specifically to immigrant communities, as opposed to the American host 'nation'] Ethnicity = identity with one's ethnic group. Ethnie = same as an ethnic group, but referring to a larger entity. Some more definitions

  5. Nation = A population sharing historic memories centred on a myth of common descent. It is distinguished from an ethnie for its relation to political power: i.e., it possesses, or aspire to possess, a state of its own. It can also be attached to an established territory (exceptions: Roma/Gypsies and some diasporic communities) and a 'public' (shared) culture. Nationalism = an ideology and a socio-political movement for gaining political autonomy (or sovereignty) on behalf of a given human group defined as an actual or potential 'nation'. Often encompasses (and is synonymous with) a movement for maintaining cultural identity. Nation-state = a state which claims to represent a single homogeneous nation. A political construct (viz. most ethnically 'homogeneous' nation, South Korea, with the most ethnically heterogeneous, Tanzania) Definitions cont.

  6. Homogeneity v. Heterogeneity

  7. Readings Anderson, Benedict, Imagined Communities, Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso, 1991 http://www.juergensmeyer.com/files/Anderson.pdf Billig, Michael, Banal Nationalism. London: Sage, 1995Geary, Patrick J., The Myth of Nations: The Medieval Origins of Europe. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2002. Gellner, Ernest, Nations and nationalism. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983 Renan, Ernest, Qu'est-ce qu'une nation? http://fr.wikisource.org/ "What is a Nation?" English translation at http://www.cooper.edu/humanities/core/hss3/e_renan.html Smith, Anthony, 'Dating the nation', in Daniele Conversi (ed.) Ethnonationalism in the Contemporary World. London: Routledge, 2002 http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/conversi/smith.pdf

  8. Readings Smith, Anthony D., The problem of national identity: Ancient, medieval and modern? Ethnic and Racial Studies, (1994), 17:3, 375-399 Smith, Anthony D., The myth of the 'modern nation' and the myths of nations, Ethnic and Racial Studies, (1988) 11:1, 1988, 1-26 Smith, Anthony D., Myths and Memories of the Nation, OUP, 1999 http://fds.oup.com/www.oup.co.uk/pdf/0-19-829534-0.pdf Triandafyllidou, Anna, National identity and the 'other’, Ethnic and Racial Studies, (1998) 21:4, 593-612

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